Терроризм и туризм: две стороны одной медали (эссе)

For policy-makers and experts terrorism affects tourism Worldwide. Not only the organic image of tourist destinations is fully harmed but also their attractiveness declines. Interesting studies have focused on the impacts of terrorism in tourism (Ryan 1993; Enders & Sanders, 1991; Somnez & Graefe 1998). Arana & Leon have explored how evolves tourist demands after a terrorist attack. Based on a preference model, authors hold that though time is a key factor in the perception of New York as a safe place in post 9/11 contexts, no less true is that terrorism affects seriously this city as a tourist destination. However, some other destinations emerge as potential alternatives. This suggests that tourism never stops only converges towards other destinations. By this end, Pizam & Smith (2000) remind that one of the aspects that concern experts seems to be the limitations or difficulties to predict the acts of violence perpetrated by terrorism. There is a direct relation between terrorism and tourism demand, which merits to be discussed. Almost 6 months are necessary to revert back the bad advertising terrorism leaves. The same outcomes have been widely validated by other basic applied research (Floyd & Pennington-Gray, 2004; Hall, Timothy, Duval, 2012; Par-askevas & Arendell 2007;

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volved in the produced knowledge.

As the previous backdrop, R. Bianchi (2006) questions the alarmism, sometimes risk perception theory disseminates, at the time he alerts the paradoxes of security doctrine when indiscriminately applied. While the specialized literature suggests that tourism, in harmony with global capitalism, suffers serious losses when terrorism hits, Bianchi´s insight led us to think – the opposite – that terrorism resulted from the excess of mobility, which is fostered by capitalism.

Last but not least, Noam Chomsky in his book Powers & Prospects, alerts on the critiques on capitalism as ill-founded and biased. Capitalism as a cultural and economic project gives many of the benefits, sooner or later become in threats. To cite an example, poverty and consumption are two side of the same coin. Activists who are compromised to struggle against poverty may claim Capitalism as the worst of all evils, while at the same time, they enjoy from driving a stylish car. Chomsky reminds that the same values we praise as essential to our civilization become in our nightmares.