The concept of time in phraseology

Introduction . Many linguists have conducted scientific studies on the study of the concept of time, some expressing similarities and some different views. The issue of expression of this concept in Uzbek and German phraseology has not yet been scientifically considered and compared. Thus, this topic is relevant in the context of linguocultural research. Because the concept of time has emerged with man , an integral part of culture is Examining the work done in this regard, we can make the following points. On the concept of the concept and its scientific significance, Russian scientists O.V. Pashkevich and Z.D. Papova, the role of the concept in cognitive linguistics I.U.Nikishina in their research work. Researchers such as Z.G. Naberejnova, E.A. Lukyanchenko, and S.A. Baruzdina have explained the conditions under which the concept of “time” manifests itself in various linguistic and cultural aspects. In this regard, one of the Uzbek linguists M.K Hakimova also conducted research and analyzed the lexical units of the Uzbek language meaning "time" and studied their text-forming features. Also T.K. Yelizova, V.L. Temkina, N.E. Gorelova, O.V. Afanasyeva and S.Klyastorny

References and methodology. In their scientific work , such scholars have analyzed various concepts and notions related to the concept of "time" in Russian, English, Turkish, Japanese and Spanish . Turkish linguists Özkan Öztekten, Eser Ördem and Fatih Arslan have conducted research on ancient views and metaphors related to time. Thus, from the point of view of linguocultural studies, the study of the concept of "time" has been considered relevant, and a number of works have been done in this regard. Having studied them, we were once again convinced of how interesting the issue was. The main reason for choosing proverbs is that proverbs are one of the genres of concise, profound folklore, formed on the basis of the experience and observations of each nation over the centuries in socio-economic, political and cultural life. . For this reason, we decided to study the specific aspects of the concept of "time" in the example of phraseological units. During our research, about 100 German and Uzbek phraseological units representing the concept of “time” were collected and studied, and our research on the concept and conceptosphere related to the concept of “time” showed that phraseology and In linguoculturology, the concept of "time" is reflected in the following lexical units. These are lexemes such as "time", "opportunity", "summer", "early", "winter", "day", "day", "life". Phraseological units have the property of figurative representation of time. In this case, the meaning of time is expressed in two ways, ie as the main (leading) meaning or as a component (sema) that forms the main meaning. For example, one day, one day, from abroad nose (elburutdan), the year of o n two months as the semantics of the question when frazemalar. In addition, one of the two words, k o zi on Q stained, head of the bag qq a value, both in the world the meaning of terms such as leader. As we proceed to a detailed analysis of each word, term, and grammatical unit in general, we cannot deeply understand its modern essence without studying its basis, its stages of development. The time category we are studying is no exception. When the universe was created, there was a time, and there were a number of grammatical units that represented it. Some of them have now lost their original meaning as a result of various changes, while others have retained the function of expressing time. Phraseology within the German concept of "Time" can be divided into several semantic types according to the semantic meanings they express. For example, on the basis of factual examples collected from phraseological dictionaries of modern German phraseology, they can be called "short-term", "long-term", "exact time", "opportunity", "early", "late",

"own". It is expedient to classify according to the group of phraseologys, which represent such concepts as "time", "periodic process", "duration". How accurate it is to divide them into such semantic types can be explained using separate examples below. In an interview with Zeit magazine, Mider focuses on the following article: Morgenstund hat Gold im Mund. This proverb has been used for many years in Germany as Morgenstund hat Brot im Mund. In the 20th century, the English proverb der frühe Vogel fängt den Wurm (The early bird catches the worm) became popular.1

Examples of the second of the above groups are:

• b)    The concept of “hurry / don’t hurry”: Eil bringt im Kriege Heil. Tu recht und eile, doch rat mit Weile. The magic eilen, haben spät Feierabend. Wer eilig hat, der gehe langsam. auf Trab sein, etw. übers Knie brechen, jmdm. Feuer unter dem Hintern machen; etw. hat / mit etw. hat es Zeit),

• c)    the concept of "short term", "long term": ewig und drei Tage, von kurzer Dauer sein. The examples of "time" konstepti based on "a long -term or shortterm" means a case for extending the fulfillment of a long-term and short-term growth, such as the concept can be represented.

The concept of “Time” in German phraseology is often vividly expressed through German proverbs. That is, they reflect the content of the consequences and consequences inherent in the process of delay in the performance of an action. The concept of “periodic process” as expressed by FBs in German is more likely to be related to specific stages of human life or the names of the seasons . This concept specific event or action-based process to continue without interruption through the fulfillment. Idioms of unreal or unreal time: wenn Ostern und Pfingsten auf einen Tag fell; In this case, it would be expedient to translate into Uzbek (niemals) never. Für Zeit und Ewigkeit, jeden Augenblick, mit dem Glockenschlag, wie im Fluge and other phraseologies give the same meaning as the rapid passage of time, every minute. Idioms of mythological or religious nature: seit undenklichen Zeiten, das goldene Zeitalter, seit Adams Zeiten, Omas Zeiten ) the speed of time can be expressed by the following analogies: Schneckentempo, Affenzahn, Affengeschwindigkeit, Kriechtempo, Schritttempo. auf Adlersflügeln, im Handumdrehen - to do something quickly . - magic langsam, which means very slow, slow. This indicates that the time spent on an action is very slow. For example, Ich lese noch immer den Meredith vor, ich arbeite am Corneille im Schneckentempo weiter. [2] Eine demokratische Kultur könnte so entstehen - im Schneckentempo zwar, aber hoffentlich unaufhaltsam. [3] The following idioms include the time component: es ist allerhöchste Zeit, zu nachtschlafender Zeit, jmdm./ sich die Zeit mit etw. vertreiben, die fünfte Jahreszeit ewig und drei Tage, am Sankt-Nimmerleins-Tag, dem lieben Gott den Tag stehlen, die längste Zeit, von kurzer / nicht von langer Dauer sein, auf lange / kurze Sicht, binnen kurzem, die Stunde in Eilschritt, in Sturmschritt, in Sauseschritt, on Lebenszeit, on Lebtag nicht, on the Schnelle, in Sekundenschnelle, with Blitzesschnelle. Der Morgen ist weiser als der Abend. The best predators are the Zeit. Die Zeit ist des Menschen Lehrmeisterin. Zeit frisst Berg and Tal, Eisen and Stahl. Die Zeit heilt alle Wunden. Zeit brings Rosen; über etw. wächst Gras, die Zeit totschlagen. Metaphor has been used in paremia and idioms representing the above time concept. In German, time often works as a type of powerful living organism: Zeit ist ein gnädiger Gott. Zeit gibt und nimmt alles. Time is seldom compared to a plant or animal, but over time the themes of zoonyms and phytonyms are common: Gute Bäume tragen zeitig. Frühe Saat trügt oft, späte selten. Der frühe Vogel fängt den Wurm. Die Vögel, die zu früh singen, holt am Abend die Katze; mit Hühnern aufstehen;

Conclusion. Phraseology has its own genre features, forms and meanings, a wide range of topics. There is such a magic that appeals to itself when you read or hear them, it is their unique art. In addition, the following stable compounds can be considered as examples of metaphorical phenomena: die Zeit vergeht, die Zeit fliesst, die Zeit läuft, die Zeit verfliegt; in these metaphors it is possible to understand that time flows like water, that is, it passes or flies away, in a word, time passes very quickly. These compounds lose their meaning in the structure of sentences and acquire a portable meaning, used as a fixed expression.2

The role of the above proverbs, idioms, phrases, and wise sayings in the expression of time in phraseology is incomparable.

Time is the most precious thing in human life. Ancestors who saw it used proverbs and sayings of wisdom to make the most of every minute of time and not to waste a single minute. Methodological figures, composed of such paremiological units, also, in our opinion, gradually become popular and polished, serving to enrich the treasury of wisdom. We can say that the interlinguistic expressions that have emerged as a reflection of the social life of the peoples, the economic way of life, complement each other in the process of translation.

Phraseological units are of great importance in the upbringing of the younger generation .