The impact of hydroponic feeding stuff with antibiotic action on egg-laying capacity

Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice

UDC 631.46                                         

The use of a mixture of the feeding stuff mentioned with nutritious ones has a positive effect on egg – laying capacity, the quality of its incubation and the development of birds. A control group consisting of 50 head of bird and three experimental groups were created in each group. The chickens of the control group were fed with bird feed having nutritional value according to the appropriate recipe. For the chickens of the first experimental group, to the compound feeding stuff was used the amount of 10.0 kg/t of “fenugreek grain” + 4 kg/t of compound feed from “hydroponic fenugreek”. When feeding chickens of the second experimental group, the "amaranth grain" was used at the rate of 10.0 kg/t and "hydroponic amaranth" +4.0 kg/t.

And when feeding the chickens of the third experimental group, to the combined feeding stuff, along with 10.0 kg/t of “fenugreek grain” +4.0 kg/t of “hydroponic fenugreek”+10.0 kg/t of “amaranth grain”+4.0 kg/t of “hydroponic amaranth”, there was added crushed sweet liquorice to the feed allowance at the rate of 4.0 kg/t.

Studies have shown that the use of plants with an antibiotic action has led to an increase in the egg-laying capacity of chickens, eggs suitable for incubation, the survival rate of chickens, an increase in live weight, a reduction in feed costs, and an improvement in the morphological composition of chicken eggs.

For the rearing of productive birds in poultry farming, it is important to obtain healthy young birds, maternal hens with high growth and productivity potential. In this regard, there are high requirements for feeding of chicken flocks. Since the need of maternal chickens for minerals is very high, vitamin and mineral supplements are prepared for them. For laying hens, the main criteria for performing the feeding by using wholesome plants of antibiotic action are: productivity, rational use of feed, egg weight, shell quality, elastic deformation of the shell, etc. [1-3].

Figure 1. Types of food

The aim of the study

Studying the increase in live weight in experimental chickens, reducing feed costs, increase in the survival rate during hatching of chicks and the quality of eggs suitable for incubation, using of plants with "antibiotic action" in feeding.

Place, material and methodology of research

Scientific and economic experimental studies were conducted in 2020-2022 at the Veterinary Scientific Research Institute and in the Khudat poultry farm of Khachmaz district on maternal chickens. The technology of rearing and keeping birds was carried out in ground conditions on a thick flooring.

Four groups of chickens (control and three experimental groups) were allocated for the experiment. The birds of all four groups were kept in separate poultry houses. The chickens of the control group were fed according to the basic feed allowance adopted on the farm [4-7]. And the chickens of the experimental groups were fed with adding of feeding stuff of antibiotic action to the main feed allowance. The scheme of the experiment is shown in the Table 1.

Table 1 EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENT

Groups                                     Feeding features

Control          Basic ration

I experimental To the basic ration + 10.0 kg / ton of fenugreek + 4.0 kg / ton of hydroponic fenugreek

II experimental   Basic ration + 10,0 kg/ton of amaranth grain+4,0 kg/ton of hydroponic amaranth

III experimental  Basic ration + 10,0 kg/ton of fenugreek grain + 4,0 kg/ton of hydroponic fenugreek + 10,0 kg/ton of amaranth grain +4,0 kg/ton of hydroponic amaranth + 4,0 kg/ton of crushed sweet liquorice.

Keeping conditions in all four groups were the same and corresponded to the technological parameters adopted for the keeping of maternal chickens.

In the course of the study, we studied the egg-laying capacity of chickens, the morphological composition of eggs, as well as the preservation of healthy poultry population [8-15].

During the experiment, a morphological analysis of chicken eggs for each group was carried out in 42-week-old birds.

Control (basic ration)     I experimental     II experimental     III experimental

Figure 2. Laying capacity of maternal chickens

Table 2

INDICATORS OF PRODUCTIVITY OF MATERNAL CHICKENS

Indications groups Contro l I experimental II experimental III experimental On average, eggs from each chicken, pcs. 187 190 194 196 Eggs suitable for incubation, pcs. 173 180 186 187 The yield of an egg suitable for incubation, % 92,5 94,7 95,9 96,2 Egg yield by control group, % 100 102,3 103,7 104,0 Eggs, with the chicks hatching ability, pcs. 143 152 159 163 Hatching of chicks, % 82,6 84,4 85,5 87,1 Preservation of the chickens population, % 92,0 93,6 94,5 95,3 Feed consumption per 10 eggs (42 - week - old), 2,44 2,37 2,32 2,31 kg

In the third experimental group using a mixture of plants, having antibiotic action with nutritious feeding stuff, egg - laying capacity was 196 eggs, which is 4.8% more than in comparison with the control group. In groups 1 and 2, egg - laying capacity was higher than in the control group by 1.6 and 3.7%, respectively. Also, in group 3, the number of eggs yield, suitable for incubation increased by 4.6% compared to the control group. The healthy keeping of birds in group 3 was 3.6% higher than in the control group.

In order to study the egg-laying capacity of experimental chickens and egg quality in 42-week-old birds, a morphological analysis of chicken eggs was carried out for all four groups, and egg yield of chickens was determined. The hatching of chickens is determined by the ratio of the number of healthy chickens to the number of eggs laid in the incubator, in percentage terms. We found that in the third experimental group, the hatching of chickens was 87.1%, which is 4.5% more than in the control group. And in groups 1 and 2, the hatching of chickens was higher than in the control group by 1.8 and 2.9%, respectively. Based on this, it can be noted that the using of plants with antibiotic action had a significant positive effect on the morphological quality of chicken eggs in experimental groups (Table 3).

One of the signs that determine the incubation quality of eggs is the egg yolk index. The egg yolk index determines the normal content of vitamin "A" in the egg and increases the incubation qualities of the egg, healthy chicks hatch from such eggs.

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Table 3

MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CHICKEN EGGS

Age of birds, weeks	Groups			Incubation egg
	Control	I experimental    II experimental	III experimental
Egg weight, g, M±m
42	50,4±1,22	59,4±0,63          60,2±0,67	62,5±0,59	48-72
Eggshell weight, g, M±m
42	6,5±0,07	6,6±0,07           6,5±0,08	6,6±0,08	6,5-6,8
Eggshell thickness, mcm, M±m
42	345,7±2,41	362,7±3,37        355,7±4,20	361±3,37	higher than 330
Elastic deformation of the egg, mcm, M±m
42	20,4±1,01	21,2±1,03          21,5±0,82	21,6±0,36	below 25
Egg white index,% M±m
42	72,1±0,03	91,3±0,06         92,7±0,05	93,5±0,08	higher than 70
% M±m Egg yolk index, % M±m
42	45,6±7,18	48,1± 0,97         48,4±0,67	48,7±0,67	40....50

Figure 3. Egg weight and amount of vitamin "A"

- The amount of vitamin "A" in chicken eggs of the first experimental group is 10-15 micrograms, egg weight is 59.4 grams; The amount of vitamin "A" in 1 g of egg yolk of the second experimental group is 12-16 micrograms, weight is 60.2 grams; The amount of vitamin "A" in 1 g of egg yolk of chickens of the third experimental group-12-20 micrograms, egg weight-62.5 grams. Conversely, the amount of vitamin "A" in the yolk of chicken eggs of the control experimental group (fed with birdseed having nutritional value) was 8-10 micrograms, the incubation quality of the collected eggs was low, and the weight was 50.4 grams (Figure 3).

Eggs for incubation must have the correct shape, clean and smooth shell. The height of the air chamber for fresh eggs can be 1.5-4.0 mm. The egg yolk should be located in the center of the egg, but the location a little closer to the air chamber is acceptable.

Result

• 1.    The use of plants having antibiotic action has a significant positive effect on the egg – laying capacity of chickens of experimental groups and the morphological quality of eggs.

• 2.    By adding amaranth and fenugreek in a complex composition to compound feeding stuff grown by the hydroponic method with high nutritional qualities, it is possible to increase the egglaying capacity in maternal chickens.

The results obtained are recommended for using in poultry farms.