The specificity of the personal emotional environment in children and adolescents

Relevance. The characterological properties formed in vivo leave their mark on the semantic, need-motivational and emotional-volitional spheres of the personality. That is, the types of the subject's response to certain life situations are predetermined in a certain way by the prevailing personal attitudes.

In childhood and adolescence, the emotional and personal sphere is the most vulnerable link. This is due to the rapid maturation of a person as a person, on the one hand, and the problems of his adaptation in the system of interpersonal relations and activities, on the other.

During the period of character formation, typological features are especially visible, which are designated as “character accentuations” (K. Leonhard, 1976, A.E. Lichko, 1977,1983, 1985) extreme variants of the norm, in which individual character traits are excessively strengthened, as a result of which selective vulnerability to a certain kind of psychogenic influences.

A statement of character accentuation and its type is the definition of a premorbid background against which various neuropsychiatric and psychosomatic disorders can occur. According to K. Leonhard (1976, 1981), in developed countries, more than half of the population belongs to accentuated personalities.

In this paper, we attempted to interpret the data of an epidemiological study of character accentuation in practically healthy Adolescents aged 12-17 years old living in the Ferghana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Material and methods of research: The subject of the research were students of secondary schools (10% sample, 1654) in Andijan. In this work, for the first time in the conditions of Uzbekistan, at the population level, a shortened and adapted version of the pathocharacterological diagnostic questionnaire (PDO) for adolescents (Ivanov N.Ya. Lichko A.E., 1983).

PDO is designed to identify groups, in adolescence (14-18 years old) of character types in constitutional and organic psychopathy, psychopathic development, as well as character accentuations.

On the basis of the original version of the PDO, hyperthymia, we developed a shortened version of the screening for more diagnosis of the accentuation of the character of a teenager (Rational proposal No. 1249 of 05/05/1999 adopted for hysteroid implementation in the AndesMI). Out of 363 statements, 232 were included in the screening method by unstable elimination of non-informative signs and by the method of observational approbation, and the diagnostic procedure of the original ONE variant was completely preserved (1).

The method retains its diagnostic representative ability in relation to other indicators of personality methods; conformity, delinquency, emancipation, a tendency to alcoholism, masculinity and femininity, etc. In addition, the various examined TEENAGERS were subjected to a thorough clinical and anamnestic (survey and examination of a teenager, interview of parents and information from other persons, observation of a laboratory examination.The results of the study and their discussion:

Results and discussion: As can be seen from the presented table, Vidim draws attention to itself that boys more often (17.4% and 16.2% respectively 14-15 and 16-17 years old) than girls (6.0% and 4.4% respectively 14-15 and 16-17 years old)

There are hyperthymic hyperthymic unstable, hyperthymic cycloid and unstable types of them. However, among female adolescents, the most frequent were schizoid (10.0% and 8.0%, respectively, 14-15 and 16-17 years old). labile (3.1% and 5.5% respectively 14-15 and 16-17 years old) sensitive (2.5% and 3.2%), cycloid (2.5% and 1.6%), asthenoneurotic (4, 0% and 2.4%), which indicates a greater representation in the expanded form of types of accentuation than in male adolescents.

Epileptoid, epileptoid unstable, epileptoid-schizoid types occur with the same frequency in both girls and boys (12.0% and 7.0%, 11.0% and 5.5% respectively in the age periods of 14-15 and 16-17 years ). In general, the frequency of different types of accentuation of the character of adolescents is 49.4% in boys and 47.1% in girls. In 50.6% of adolescent boys, 52.9% of adolescent girls I O, character accentuation is not a diagnosis. A number of mixed accentuations, such as H, hysteroid-stenoneurotic, labile N asthenoneurotic, labile-sensitive, sensitiveschizoid and others, have not been identified in the population of healthy adolescents in our region.

It should be noted that adolescents aged 16-17 have a higher percentage of psychoasthenoneurotic types of accentuation. When considering the results of our study, it should be noted that the population of healthy children examined by us differed markedly in the frequency of a number of accentuations from the groups examined by other authors. In particular, 37% less unaccented children were found in Kemerovo, and 9% less in St. Petersburg (A.E.Lichko, 1983).

The number of adolescents with hyperthymic character traits in our region was 2 times more than in the St. Petersburg population of adolescents. Schizoid type, including schizoid hysteroid, schizoid-epileptoid, schizoid unstable, as many as in our observations, etc.

These differences can be explained, on the one hand, by non-compliance with the rules of epidemiological studies (non-observance of representativeness, lack of standardization of research methods, etc.), and on the other hand, by the possible heterogeneity of the population spectrum of characterological different regions of the world. features B

There is evidence in the literature that with epileptoid, hyperthymic, schizoid and unstable types of character accentuation in adolescence, there is a high risk of developing psychosomatic maladaptation syndrome (2). disorders and

Apparently, with them, the development of social adaptation skills is most difficult.

Conclusions: 1. The epidemiological the study showed a high prevalence of character accentuation among children and adolescents - students.

• 2.    In the socio-cultural conditions of our region, the prevalence of borderlines have their own characteristics to take into account in planning the prevention and treatment of children with maladjustment disorders.