The system of the sustainable development of the regions of the circumpolar area

The Arctic area of the planet is a hard woven network of the geographic, climatic, cultural, political, and economic characteristics that formed the system of the total circumpolar civilization. In the XXI century, the territory and waters of the Arctic attracting economic and political attention of the world, ready for the development of the wealth in the region. This situation exacerbates the cultural and social aspects of the existence circumpolar civilization, as the perception of the sustainable economic development of the regions do not coincide with the established way of the life of the local population. Moreover, sustainable economic development and cultural reproduction of the Arctic civilization seem antagonistic purposes in the future Arctic. The purpose of a market economy system is the realization of the increment of the wealth of the opportunities through the creation of the surplus value that is attractive for the development of the territory. The way of life of the local population is the result of long-term adaptation to the natural conditions, forms of the historical tradition and provides a contribution to the treasury of the cultural wealth. Therefore the relevant issue is the determination of the balance of such a complex and environmentally sensitive region of the planet.

In the case where it is impossible to demonstrate, to represent him, expressed in the mathematical form, but it must be emphasized that the object is a single and complex, with the uncertainty, it uses the concept of "system" [2, p. 14]. The Arctic region is (a big macro-region) corresponds to the concept of the system, as there is an opportunity to highlight its main features of the system (Table 1). This makes it possible to consider the issue of the sustainable development in the region through a systemic approach.

Table 1

The signs of the Arctic region in the framework of a systematic approach

When using a systematic approach V. N. Volkov notes that the directions of the science, applied the notion of the "system" emerged interdisciplinary areas that developed as independent, but actually focused on the systemic research1. To those include situational modeling and contingency management (D. A. Pospelov, Y. I. Fangs, L. S. Zagadskaya Bolotov), conceptual metamodeling (Vladimir Nechayev), systemology phenomenal (B. Fomin) [2.6] . The variety of the concept of "system" is methodologically difficult to use a systematic approach to the description of large and the heterogeneous objects, complicating it. But perhaps the use of the interdisciplinary advances in the science to determine the direction of the development of the system, identify its features in a historical context, it is appropriate for the macro-region. The Arctic region can be represented as an economic system, but can be perceived as a cultural system that focuses on the preservation of traditions. Simulation allows us to consider these systems as components of a single regiona.

The peculiarity of the system approach is the recognition of the additive behavior of the system (summative), but due to the higher value of the system as the integrity of the (emergence, from the English. Emerge - to appear) than either a simple aggregate of its individual components (parts).

If we consider the Arctic region only from the point of the view of the economic efficiency, which is the basis for the political controversy surrounding the "natural larder", the lost part of the socio-humanitarian component of the system. However, the study of the history of the ivilization shows that the Arctic civilization took place and has the experience of the survival in a natural environment. Sustainable development of the Arctic civilization is not the main purpose of extracting maximum economic profit, but resource of the region. Based on the patterns of the interaction between parts and the whole integrity of the property (emergence) has the following features:

• a)    Properties of the system are not the simple sum of the properties of its components (parts), the economic component and a cultural component can not be reduced to the sum.

• b)    Properties of the system depends on the properties of its components (parts), the economic component is considered a humanitarian, cultural component in the public laws of the development.

• c)    In the combined components lose some of its properties, is the inherent system (the one hand, the system suppresses the number of the components of the other - the components in the system to acquire new properties), and it is a general system problem since it is difficult to predict.

On the basis of these assumptions leads to the following conclusions: 1) for the effective development of the region will be suppressed cultural component properties that will lead to the properties of the economic systems, the operation of which is characterized by inconsistency, uncertainty, information asymmetry, conflict, economic risk of market models; 2) it is taken into account survival experience circumpolar civilization that suppresses and converts the economic goal of the increasing surplus value to resource management in the region. Systems based on the preservation of the traditions, are more resilient in the face of uncertainty, which is more consistent Arctic.

Similar ideas have penetrated and sustainable development in the Arctic territory. In the studies of Professor Y. Lukin says debatable issue determining the Arctic regions 2. In modern Russian Arctic zone includes the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions, Nenets Autonomous District, Republic of Karelia, having direct access to the White, Barents and Kara seas. In the existing grid at the end of XX - beginning of the XXI century. The administrative- territorial coordinates the Republic of Komi, Vologda and Kirov region, Perm do not have direct access to the coast of the northern seas, therefore they are not among the Arctic territories of the country. Although historians have called the land - whether in the XVI-XIX centuries.The general and rather controversial term of

Pomorye [3, p. 300-301]. Experience of Pomorye in the economic structure, land use, distributed along with the historical development of the Ural region and Siberia.

According to N.V. Fedorova, all the cultures of the circumpolar areas of the planet are divided into two arrays: 1) North American and Siberian (Eskimo), which is characterized by a hunting system eco cultural adaptation, extensive distribution and relative uniformity of the cultural and biological characteristics, folklore and language of the Eskimos; 2) The North Eurasian with its ethnic and cultural diversity and herding system of the eco cultural adaptation [6].

The North Eurasian cultural diversity reflected in the language of the Finno-Ugric basis. By the development of language, you can appreciate the history and civilization of the circumpolar Arctic territories. Linguist Baudouin de Courtenay, learning a language is closely tied to the study of the society and its concept of the history of language is associated with an objective history of the society. Using linguistic approach could estimate the approximate age of the circumpolar civilization to determine its stability as the laws of the development of the system and the laws of the feasibility of the system.

Researchers of the Finno-Ugric languages count up to 1,200 words that existed in the ancient Finno-Ugric language (proto-language) and the extant [5]. Hungarian scientists have found that from the time when the territorial separation of the two related languages from each other 1000 years have passed, the common root words in these languages is 74%, after 2000 years is 55%, after 3000 years - 40%, over 4000 years - 30 %, in 5000 - 22%, in 6000 - 16% in 7000 years of common words is about 10%.

Finnish scientist A. Raun believes that the Hungarian and Finnish common root words, there are between 21 to 27% in Mordovia and Mari - from 36 to 40%, in the Udmurt and Komi -70% in the Nenets and Finland - 15%, Nenets and Hungarian give only 13% of the common roots. That is, since the spatial separation of the Finno-Ugric and Samoyed languages has been more than 6000 years of Hungarian and Finnish - about 4500-5000 years, the Permian languages from each other - about 1000 years.

On the basis of these data, we can recognize that the Ural linguistic community ( or tongue - base) existed long before the IV millennium BC., a Finno-Ugric language is the basis functioned until about the III millennium BC, disintegrating by the end of the III millennium BC. For intermediate proto-language. According to EA Helimski, the picture of the former continuous range, from the Baltic to the Urals, it looks like much of the stretching and torn in many places strips [5]. The ancient Finno-Ugric language characterized by a significant compartmentalization into dialects, of which evolved the modern languages. The continuous expansion of the territory occupied by the

Finno-Ugric points to the effectiveness of their culture and way of the life in the Arctic region and the Arctic territories.

Over the past 400 years as a result of the development of the Urals Russian Empire and the cultural changes of the population is undergoing serious transformation in the language. Language fixes the particular history and culture of the peoples living in the region, the result of the interaction of the different dialects and languages. According to the chronicles, Russian, namely Novgorod, has penetrated to the Urals in the XI century [4]. Initial development took place by way of the Upper Prikamye. When you check in Russian occupied territory is usually empty, but often lived near the Komi-Perm. Eco-cultural adaptation of the Urals does not involve living individual families. Therefore the Russian diaspora were in close contact with the Komi-Perm inhabitants, there were mixed, bilingual family. Takes over the previously alien to the economic way of life. As a result, it Komi penetrated many Russian words, but the Permian Komi dialects enriched vocabulary, especially in the domestic sphere, as the vanguard for the purpose of the survival. In the language of systems theory, this corresponds to the convergence of the law "requisite variety".

The interpenetration of the cultures for a common goal reconciled nature (survival in the harsh natural environment) has expanded the ultimate capabilities of the circumpolar civilization. The cultural component of the Arctic as a system can be regarded as essential to its selforganization in order to resist entropy (destruction).

According to Professor Y. Lukin, sustainable development of the Arctic zone - is steadily progressive development, the process of the permanent positive changes in the policy and management, socio-economic, spiritual and cultural spheres of the northern regional societies and municipalities, implementation of the socio-cultural measures, the modernization of the Arctic infrastructure, conservation and preservation of the population of the natural and cultural environment [4, p. 27].

Priority achieve only the economic benefits of the development in the Arctic circumpolar provoke the loss of the ancient civilization. And in a system approach, the economic suitability loses not only the Russian Arctic zone, but also the surrounding regions of the Urals and Siberia. Based on the theory of the systems is bound to affect the quality of life of the population and provoke strategic impossibility welfare state.