Theoretical and methodological fundamentals of increasing the export power of the region

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ

ЭКСПОРТНОЙ МОЩНОСТИ РЕГИОНА

Ирода Нурматова,

Ферганский государственный университет, Преподаватель кафедры социальной работы. Тиллабоева Ситора, Ваксобова Гузаль, Маматобилова Азиза, Абдубаннопова Шахноза

Ферганский государственный университет,

Студент-социолог

It is known that the concept of "export potential" is one of the most widely used terms in science and is considered important for the development of the national economy. In this regard, the development of a set of measures to assess the export potential of the regions and improve their rational use is especially important for the national economy. Overcoming the negative effects of the global financial and economic crisis, sustainable growth of the real sector of the economy and ensuring macroeconomic balance, increasing employment, targeted support of leading exporting industries and small businesses O It remains a topical issue in Uzbekistan today. Successful implementation of these tasks involves a scientific analysis of export activities in the country and its regions.

Many scholars have expressed different views on the concept of "region". The concept of "region" is a relatively new term, associated with a new direction of the economy - "regional economy". It was first described by the Russian scientist NNNekrasov in 1975: "The region is a country with more or less the same natural conditions and natural resources in accordance with the material and technical base, production and social infrastructure. "On the basis of its development, a large area of development of production capacity is understood." [1] According to A.G. Granberg, "a region is a specific area characterized by the integrity and interdependence of its constituent elements." "The region - a common natural geographical, historical, national-cultural unity and religious-ethnic proximity, the level of socio-economic development, imperfect management system at different stages and the joint activities of administrative-territorial bodies in solving socio-economic and environmental problems O.Akhmedov described it as a single territorial unit. [2]

Most economists have proposed to divide the territory of Uzbekistan into 6 economic zones. In recent years, some economists have proposed reducing the number of economic zones to four. In general, most economists divide the republic into the following six economic regions:

• 1.    Tashkent (Tashkent city and Tashkent region);

• 2.    Fergana (Fergana, Andijan and Namangan regions);

• 3.    Zarafshan (Bukhara, Navoi and Samarkand regions);

• 4.    Mirzachul (Syrdarya and Jizzakh regions);

• 5.    South (Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya regions);

• 6.    Lower Amudarya (Aral Sea, the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Khorezm region).

Foreign trade activity is a business activity in the field of international trade in goods, works (services). Foreign trade activities are carried out through the export and import of goods, works (services). Execution of works (rendering of services) by a legal or natural person of the Republic of Uzbekistan for a legal or natural person of a foreign state, regardless of the place of their performance (rendering), is export of works (services). Execution of works (rendering of services) by a legal or natural person of a foreign state for a legal or natural person of the Republic of Uzbekistan, import of works (services) regardless of the place of their performance (rendering) Competitiveness is the ability of an economic entity or commodity to maintain and improve its position in front of another economic entity or commodity. The conditions and conditions that determine competitiveness are factors of competitiveness. Beneficial factors that distinguish a competing entity (product) from others are called competitive advantages. It is important to distinguish between external and internal competition. External competitiveness is the ability to sell goods and services on the world market and the availability of sufficient quantities of goods and services in the structure of exports to ensure the stability of the country's balance of payments. Domestic competitiveness is the ability to sell imported goods in the domestic market in a competitive environment with other domestic producers, which, along with exports, provides a high level of income and employment. World experience shows that external competitiveness requires the existence of internal competitiveness, but not vice versa. Sales in the domestic market create the basis for external competitiveness, but do not guarantee it. This is the lowest level of competitiveness. Competitiveness forms the basis of an evolving industrial society. Initially, it is the free use of the price mechanism in the implementation of free competition of producers in open markets and competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets. At the same time, the concept of competitiveness in an industrialized society has evolved over the years. Another term widely used in science today is "export potential." It encourages us to study it in more depth because of a number of new concepts for our national economy.