Typological features of the temperament and the properties of the nervous system among students of team and individual sports in the conditions of a competitive activity

Modern sports training puts before athletes the need to overcome the extremely difficult and in a number of cases over-extreme limit psychoemotional and physical loads, especially in the competitive period. The article presents the results of the study: the manifestations of typological features of the temperament and the properties of the nervous system among students of team (football, volleyball, basketball, hockey) and individual (athletics, swimming) sports in the conditions of a competitive activity. It is shown that students of team game sports have more characteristic features of choleric temperament, and students of individual sports have features of sanguine temperament determined by a strong type of a higher nervous activity. Most athletes of both groups have a strong type of nervous system with equally well developed processes of excitation and inhibition. It has been established that choleric students of both groups are typical extroverts, phlegmatic persons are characterized by the features of the introverted type of personality, and sanguine persons occupy an intermediate position (ambivers). The features of thinking, sensation and perception among students of team and individual sports manifested in competitive conditions have been studied. The subject-effective type of thinking occupies the leading positions among the representatives of both groups. The visual and kinesthetic types of sensations, as well as the collectivist type of perception are typical for the athletes of team sports. Audial sensations and individualistic type of perception dominate among the representatives of individual sports. The indicators of components of mental reliability among the students of both team and individual sports had no essential differences. In this way, for the effective management of sports training process teachers and coaches should take into ac- Общая и прикладная психология 116 №2 l 2018 count the typological characteristics of the involved students, what will expand the components of the individual approach to each athlete.