Typology of lyrical subjects

This paper is devoted to the problem of the subject organisation of lyrical poetry. Its methodological basis is the works of A.N. Veselovsky, M.M. Bakhtin, B.O. Korman, S.N. Broitman, and V.I. Tyupa. The main aim of the article: to describe the typology of lyrical subjects, which could have both theoretical significance, i.e. to be applied in scientific research, and practical significance, i.e. to be used for teaching and learning lyric text analysis. In order to achieve this aim, the following tasks are addressed. Firstly, the importance of subject organization and the category of the lyrical subject for lyrics as a type of literature is examined. Secondly, unified criteria for typology are described: they become the forms of speech and the point of view of lyrical subjects. Finally, thirdly, on the basis of these criteria, the typology of lyrical subjects, which was originally developed in the works of B.O. Korman and S.N. Broitman, is revised and supplemented. Diachronically, the following types of lyrical subjects are distinguished: syncretic subject (the epoch of syncretism), genre subject (the epoch of eidetic poetics), and personal creative subject (the epoch of modality), in relation to which the question of synchronistic typology arises. Accordingly, the following types of lyric subjects are distinguished: extra-personal subject; forms of “I”: non-personal subject, proper-personal subject, role subject; forms of “we”: universal “we”, indivisible “we”, composite “we”; mixed forms: neosyn-cretic, transgressive, nomadic subjects. The categories of lyrical hero, recipient and lyrical personage are separately specified.