Тяжелые респираторно-вирусные инфекции: эпигенетические механизмы предрасположенности и возможности эпигенетически-направленной терапии

Тяжелые респираторно-вирусные инфекции: эпигенетические механизмы предрасположенности и возможности эпигенетически-направленной терапии

Автор: Айтбаев Кубаныч Авенович, Муркамилов Илхам Торобекович, Фомин Виктор Викторович, Муркамилова Жамила Абдилалимовна, Юсупов Фуркат Абдулахатович

Журнал: Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki

Рубрика: Медицинские науки

Статья в выпуске: 3 т.7, 2021 года.

Бесплатный доступ

Появление высокопатогенных штаммов вируса гриппа и коронавируса (CoV) стало причиной вспышек эпидемий и пандемий легочных заболеваний, характеризующихся тяжелым течением и высокой смертностью. Одной из основных задач интенсивной терапии является стратификация и минимизация риска развития полиорганной недостаточности (ПОН) у больных во время их пребывания в отделении интенсивной терапии (ОИТ). Эпигенетические механизмы контроля экспрессии генов, включая метилирование ДНК и РНК, модификации гистонов и некодирующие РНК, могут быть использованы вирусами, чтобы воспрепятствовать развитию реакций врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета, изменить адекватность воспалительного ответа и, тем самым, способствовать тяжелому течению легочного заболевания. Например, коронавирус ближневосточного респираторного синдрома (MERS-CoV) и вирус гриппа H5N1 могут влиять на презентацию антигена хозяина посредством метилирования ДНК и модификаций гистонов. Предположительно, те же механизмы могут быть задействованы и у пациентов с коронавирусной болезнью-2019 (COVID-19), у которых тоцилизумаб эпигенетически вызывал уменьшение повреждения микрососудов. Нацеливание на эпигенетические пути иммунных модуляторов (например, тоцилизумаб) или перепрофилированных препаратов (например, статины) могут обеспечить новые терапевтические возможности для контроля взаимодействий «вирус-хозяин» при развитии критического состояния. В обзоре представлена обновленная информация об эпигенетических механизмах и перепрофилированных препаратах, влияющих на эпигенетические пути, которые могут быть клинически эффективными для стратификации риска и полезными для лечения пациентов с тяжелыми респираторными вирусными инфекциями.

Еще

Коронавирус, COVID-19, эпигенетические препараты, эпигенетика, взаимодействия «хозяин-вирус», вирус гриппа, интенсивная терапия, острое респираторное заболевание

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/14120912

IDR: 14120912   |   DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/64/13

Список литературы Тяжелые респираторно-вирусные инфекции: эпигенетические механизмы предрасположенности и возможности эпигенетически-направленной терапии

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