Saleable and consumer qualities of the varieties of the sour cherry genofond of the RRIFCB

The article presents the results of studying saleable and consumer qualities and properties of the varieties of sour cherry ( Prunus cerasus L. ) from the genofond of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. The study was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of breeding and crop variety studying of stone fruits of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding in 2011-2017. The objects of the research were both varieties of Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, and the varieties introduced by other research institutions. Both qualitative and quantitative saleable and consumer qualities of fruits were considered. The first category included such indicators as the color of the fruit, its shape, the shape of the stone, the nature of the fruit, the density of the pulp, the color of the juice. In the quantitative category, such indicators as the average weight of the fruit, the average weight of the bone, the score of the fruit taste, average pulp content, the length, thickness and width of the fruit are included. During the research, it was found that most varieties have the saleable and quality qualities of fruits suitable for sour cherry. The varieties Putinka and Turgenevka can be used in the sour cherry breeding as a source of large fruits. Sour cherry varieties Truzhenitsa of Tataria, Rastorguevka, Putinka and Turgenevka are recommended for using in breeding for high content of fruit pulp. Varieties Rovesnitsa, To the Memory of Mashkin and Feya are sources of high taste qualities of fruits for sour cherry breeding. The sources of large fruit sizes in the sour cherry breeding are the sour cherry cultivars Putinka, Rastorguevka, Turgenevka and Truzhenitsa of Tataria.