Transnational migration as a geostrategic challenge for modern Russia: vectors of actualization

The article analyzes the vectors of actualization of transnational migration as a complex macropolitical challenge addressed to the Russian authorities and society. Four key socio-political risks of migration are considered. The first risk lies in the criminalization of society and, as a consequence, a decrease in the quality of life of Russian citizens, which can cause a political discontent surge in its various manifestations. The second risk is the political and psychological deformation of the mass consciousness through the perception of immigrants as “enemies” and the growth of ethnopolitical conflict. The third risk is negative consequences caused by “ghettoiza-tion” - the process of forming autonomous migrant communities that reduce the potential for socio-cultural adaptation of migrants in Russia and produce negative attitudes towards local residents. The fourth socio-political risk is associated with the fact that migration is perceived by a significant part of society as a serious threat to Russian national and cultural-historical identity.