Lung transplantation: the state of the issue and prospects

Introduction. To date, despite advances in conservative therapy, the only method of treating end-stage lung disease is lung transplantation, which improves the quality and increases the patient's life expectancy. The number of lung transplants is steadily increasing in the world, however, the availability of donor organs is limited, which leads to a high mortality rate of patients on the waiting list. In this regard, there is a constant discussion about donors with expanded criteria, work is underway to improve the preservation of donor lungs, new solutions are being sought for the preservation of the transplant before surgery and the cultivation of bioengineered organs. Along with this, recent advances in post-transplant therapy aimed at combating early and late rejection, graft dysfunction, as well as prevention of infectious complications, contribute to an increase in survival in this category of patients.The purpose of the study. To study the state of the issue and prospects of lung transplantation.Materials and methods of research. A review of literary sources among domestic and English-language publications is carried out. Pubmed, Web of Science, RSCI databases were used.Conclusion. To date, lung transplantation is the only effective treatment method for patients with terminal lung disease. In recent years, there has been a big leap in the field of lung transplantation, clinical experience and post-transplant management of patients are increasing, more and more patients are surviving with transplants that were considered unsuitable several decades ago. Despite the big leap in the field of transplantation, the main problem of the development of lung transplantation is the limited availability of donor organs. To solve the problem of the shortage of donor organs, new technologies (EVLP, bioengineered lungs) are being introduced and criteria for the use of donor organs after circulatory arrest are being expanded.