Triple negative breast cancer: a review of modern methods of treatment

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant neoplasm in women; triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10-20% of cases. TNBC presents with a rather aggressive phenotype with a higher risk of recurrence (especially within the first 3-5 years after diagnosis). Historically, treatment options for this type of malignancy have been limited to the use of cytostatics. Determining the specific molecular profile of the tumor expands the therapeutic options. This review discusses recent data on the basic classification, subtyping, and treatment of TNBC, including new drugs such as monoclonal antibody conjugates, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, and drugs targeting androgen receptors. Further research is needed to support the use of novel therapies for TNRMJ and to identify novel biomarkers that will detect new therapeutic targets or become prognostic markers.