Labor education students of general educational schools: historical and pedagogical experience of the 80s XXth century (by the materials of the Southern Ural)

The article presents the results of a study of the historical and pedagogical experience of labor education of students in general education schools in the 80s. 20th century The implementation of labor education and the most successful practices are considered on the example of educational institutions in a number of regions of the Southern Urals (Kurgan, Orenburg and Chelyabinsk). This topic is relevant at the present stage of development of the domestic education system, since now the issue of returning labor education to general education schools is being raised at the state and public levels. During the Soviet period, general education schools accumulated significant historical and pedagogical experience in the implementation of labor education for schoolchildren. The schools of the studied region have always shown high results in the field of labor education of students. Pedagogical ideas of school leaders, best practices in the organization of labor training and education, career guidance work with schoolchildren went beyond the boundaries of individual districts and regions. They were introduced into the practice of labor education in other regions of the country, were highly appreciated at the state level, and received recognition among the pedagogical community. The innovators and leaders of labor education from Dedurovskaya, Ibragimovskaya, Krasnozvezdinskaya secondary schools were known all over the country, and the names of their directors sounded at the highest level. Labor education in general education schools during the entire Soviet period in the history of national education was one of the important priorities in the upbringing of the younger generation. Party and state bodies, Komsomol organizations, trade unions and other public organizations, basic enterprises that acted as patrons of general education schools were involved in the process of labor education of schoolchildren. Positive results in the field of labor education of Soviet schoolchildren were outlined during the implementation of the reform of the general education school in 1984. One of its priorities is to improve the quality of labor education and training in the general education school, and the implementation of new approaches in career guidance work with schoolchildren. To solve this problem, it was planned to combine training with productive labor directly at the country's enterprises. An important result of the reform was an increase in the time for labor training of students in general education schools and the emergence of basic enterprises that interacted with schools in the field of labor education. Various factors influenced the degree of success in the implementation of labor education in schools. They were both objective and subjective, since a lot of things in the correct formulation of labor education depended on directors, teaching staff of schools, and heads of basic enterprises. Thus, for the successful implementation of labor education of students in general education schools at the present stage, it is necessary to further comprehensively study the historical and pedagogical experience of labor education in the Soviet period, as well as further research and analysis of the theory and practice of labor education on the example of individual regions of the country.