The works of A. S. Khomyakov in the context of a philosophical and theological understanding of the idea of pan-unity

The article discusses the main provisions of the teachings of A. S. Khomyakov, which allow us to compare it with the philosophy of unity. Evidence and opinions about Khomyakov’s attitude to Schelling’s heritage and about the influence of Khomyakov’s works on the subsequent development of Russian theology are highlighted from sources and analytical literature. Attention is drawn to the similarity of Khomyakov’s and Schelling’s ideas about the “primitive” state of human consciousness, about the need for its development for the formation of self-consciousness. Khomyakov considers this process of development both at the level of an individual and at the level of various peoples and all mankind. At the center of this process is the Christian Church, which, in the end, must encompass all of humanity. The basis of the conciliar unity of the Church, according to Khomyakov, is love, which has its saving effect in principle, regardless of the “external” signs of a person’s belonging to the Church. Khomyakov, in fact, refers to such signs, among other things, the acceptance of the dogmatic teaching of the Church and participation in church sacraments. The main conclusion of the article is that there are substantial grounds for the convergence of Khomyakov’s concepts of the Church and catholicity with the main ideas of Schelling’s metaphysics of unity and with the results that V. Solovyov subsequently obtained in the process of its creative processing.