Tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic: formation of self-preservation behavior in risk conditions

The article investigates self-preservation behavior under risk conditions (COVID-19 pandemic) in the field of tourism. The practices of self-preservation behavior directly depend on the attitude to health as a value, they are implemented as a result of conscious and responsible behavior. Health is an exhaustible resource, its maintenance depends on the lifestyle of the actors. It is shown that the basis of self-preservation behavior is socialization and biological, psychological and physical characteristics of a person that determine the individualized trajectory of a personality focused on “self-project” (creation and improvement of oneself). The formation of everyday practices of self-preservation behavior is associated with both traditional patterns of behavior and personal strategies, which in modern society need to be analyzed by taking into account the latest trends caused by the pandemic. The article compares the initial “pre-pandemic” attitudes of self-preservation behavior with their current state, analyzes the process of their formation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the unavailability of full- fledged medical care was compensated by the possibility of health tourism, which can be considered as a variant of self-preservation behavior. Other types of tourism (cultural and entertainment, event, etc.) in some cases can be considered as risky, not health-oriented practices. The dynamics of motivation of self-preservation behavior in the tourism sector in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic is analyzed. Firstly, the combination of the need for well-being and the desire to improve performance and stress relief is reviewed. Secondly, the activity of using tourist services is restricted due to the fear of getting sick with coronavirus. Thirdly, the Russians lay the responsibility for maintaining health on the state and the Institute of health care. Fourth, the focus of consumers of tourist services is shifting towards medical and health tourism, and tourist routes abroad are also being chosen to get vaccinated against COVID-19 with vaccines approved by WHO.