Creativity A.V. Shchusev in the context of the ecological cultural approach

The article is devoted to the consideration of the creativity of A. V. Shchusev through the prism of the ecological cultural approach developed by D. S. Likhachev. The author dwells on the characteristics of this approach and the legitimacy of its use for analyzing trends in Russian art of the second half of the 19th early 20th centuries. It is emphasized that the task of forming a national style becomes actualized by the end of the 19th century, and is associated with a rethinking of national history and culture. Next, the author examines a number of factors that contributed to the formation of a new look at the traditions of Old Russian culture and the acquisition of the status of cultural heritage by monuments of Old Russian culture. The author emphasizes that Shchusev, who was engaged in the restoration of monuments of ancient Russian architecture, showed not only the talent of an architect, but also a researcher and archaeologist, thanks to which he became not only a recognized master of the neo Russian style, but he proposed an innovative method of reconstruction. For domestic masters of the early ХХ century the neo Russian style acted as an artistic guideline, an aesthetic ideal, making it possible to form a new artistic language on its basis.