Types of microorganisms and their physiology

Microorganisms are made up of a large number of microbes. Microscope is a special tool that aids them you can observe and learn by heart.

Microorganisms are very common in nature actively participate in all biological and physiological changes. The only difference between microorganisms and large organisms they are resistant to high and low temperature, various conditions, and quickly are adapted. So learn their lives and avoiding the use of certain features or the harmful aspects It is important for a person to live.

Microbiology - the structure of microorganisms, plants, a lifetime study of life. The role of biomedical science the main function of the microorganisms that occur in nature and the welfare of their pecuniary value on the road. Small root organisms in water, in air, on the ground. Food their products will grow very rapidly and through which they pass through the body of the person, so various contagious cooking food to prevent diseases and poisoning staff are required to study microbiology. Acquire knowledge of microbiology, people food infections and prevention of food poisoning help.

Types of microorganisms. The microorganisms are diverse, in food, mainly bacteria and fungi. Bacterial forms are divided into three types:

• I.    Globe bacteria are called scents. Smells single - cell microcosm, two cell - diplococcus, four cell - tetracoke and chain - linked streptococci, the eightcelled form is called bubbling. Sometimes grape seeds are called staphylococcus.

• II.    Fiberglass bacteria: short and long sticks in the form of single, double and chain.

• III.    Serious bacteria: this is the amount of bacterial suture there are several different types. Vertrous form vibrates, two and more sutured bacteria are spirilla, long chains and bacteria are called spiroethas.

Bacteria - core, protoplasm and shell. It is dissolved in the protoplasm without being independent of its core it can. Protoplasma is a semi-liquid, clear mass The composition consists of water, protein, fatty enzymes and minerals it consists of substances. Protein, fat, Carbohydrates are responsible for nutrition for microorganisms. Shell out of the environment. The action of bacteria -bacteria are mobile and movements Staple bacterial leeches with the help of the bacterium haemorrhage, different environmental concentrations. An increase in bacteria. The Bacterial Cell doubles by equal division. Cutting edge and bacteria are split long. Bacteria grow in 30 minutes in favorable conditions.

Bacterial semen formation. Many wickers bacterium is an abnormal condition (high temperatures, dryness) they form spores. Spore-producing bacteria are commonly used called basil. Bacterial spores are external resistant to exposure, living in different conditions for a long time are Conservation, storage of food.

Therefore, such bacteria can cause great damage only bacteria in conservation of food products not only cleaned their cells, but also clean their spores is required.

Fungi. The fungi are like various microorganisms and bacteria The plant belongs to the world. Their structure is bacteria it is more complex than its composition, its chlorophyll in its body different from plants because they are not.

The fungi are more nutritious than the nutritional environment but may live in different substrates. And to oxygen do not need it. They are frost resistant and in refrigerators also occurs. Most fungi are multicellular the cells are often woven in the same way as yarn will be. Cell-shaped cells are called ghifs, which grow and shrink and the mixed-mushroom body forms a micelle. The mucous membrane enters the food environment. The fungi are formed by simple division or spore sexually transmitted infections. All fungi are divided into two groups:

• 1.    Highly developed fungi.

• 2.    Bad fungi. They consist of 6 classes:

Highly advanced fungi:

• a)    Hitrid fungi. They have no misel, although it is in the establishment phase. Hitrids are basically water, plant, or their cells causes diseases;

• b)    Omycetes. Their body consists of single-celled myelia living in water and soil;

• d)    zigomycetes. This class is based on soil fungi.

Bad fungus:

• a)    oskomisole - mold fungi. Their misel multicellular, and reproduction in special cells through the horsepower, the reproduction of the sexes through condoms:

• b)    basidiomycin - a multicellular mycelein and sexually transmitted infantile attacks by baseball. These are mushrooms that are often consumed by humans

Includes. Deuteromies (untreated fungus) - The expression is multicellular, making only condensation increased gender. They are humans, animals and plants everywhere causes various diseases.

The physiology of microorganisms are vital functionalities - breathing, nutrition, growth, and external environment interactions. Studying the physiology of microorganisms, from them use in industry or against harmful microorganisms the way to fight. Typical microorganisms breathing and nutrition at one time is done. Half of the nutritional crust of microorganisms Depending on the conductivity, it is based on internal pressure occurs. Against microorganism protoplasm an important solution is when the liquid is concentrated in a concentrated medium slowly into the cell into the microorganism's crust will pass.

The concentration of the medium is darker than protoplasm while the feeding process in the microorganisms stops, as a result, the organism dies or switches to sport.

This property of microorganisms includes drying, salt and sugar can be used to conserve. Microorganisms, like large animals, breathe energy to obtain Cell breathing is complex the substances are oxidised to decay into simple substances generates a certain amount of hot energy. It will happen The energy is two in accordance with the breathing procedure of microorganisms are different:

• 1.    With the participation of oxygen - aerobic breathing, in this way more energy and microorganisms on the surface.

• 2.    Oxygen - aneuronal, inhaled substances oxidation is not complete and it is formed by fermentation energy is also very low.

Organic matter is formed by oxidation Only a quarter of the energy is the life of microorganisms for the rest of the work, and the rest to the outside is separated. This heat is important at times the temperature rises to 60 ° -80 ° C. For example: wet alloyed hay, leather, cotton, grain, flour and cereals spontaneous combustion must be evidence for this process possible. Breathing microorganisms to the environment temperature and temperature. Breathe the air as damp acceleration.

This activity of microorganisms in the food industry, carried out under certain conditions and conditions (alcohol, beer, bread, tea, tobacco industry) stage. However, ignoring these processes in the production of foodstuffs, greatly hurt them due to their wearing them during storage possible.