Scientists “in power” in the Muslim East. The age of the chinguists

This article touches on the topic of "scientists in power" in empires and states in the medieval Muslim East, which has not yet been the object of a special scientific study. Meanwhile, the sources have enough materials on this topic. The article describes the state and scientific activities of outstanding personalities who lived during the era of the Chingissids. The article discusses the public activities of Genghis Khan. Analyzed the work of Mirza Haydar Duglat as ruler of Kashmir and historian, Muhammad Shaybani political activist and poet, Abu-l-Ghazi-Khan of Khiva and a scientist. It is concluded that their multi-faceted talent contributed to the high achievements and at the state office. It is noted that in their works the main events in the history of Central Asian states were reflected. In the history of mankind there are few statesmen and prominent scientists in one person who skillfully combined both directions of activity. This fact unites, in the first place, such different people as Mirza Haydar Douglath, Mohammed Sheibani and Abu Ghazi. It is emphasized that these crowned persons engaged in science by virtue of their natural talent, skilfully combining with the functions of state administration. Thus, the historical heritage of Mirza Haydar Douglath, Mohammed Sheibani and Abu Ghazi occupies a worthy place among the well-known names of scholars and thinkers of the Medieval East. The writer, commander, ruler Muhammad Haydar Dulati (1499-1551) in his work "Tarih-i Rashidi" convincingly demonstrates the spiritual unity of the Turks and traces their connection with the world civilization, studies philosophical problems of history, principles of state administration, etc. Sheibani-Khan allocated huge state funds to improve the educational process, built a large mosque in the city of Iasi (Turkestan), gave an order to allocate funds for teachers of madrassas in other nearby cities. Diwan of Sheibani Khan's poetry is currently kept in the manuscript collection in Istanbul. The manuscript of his philosophical and religious work is in London. Abulgazi is the author of two historical works: "Genealogy of the Turkmen" (completed in 1661) and "Genealogy of the Turks" (published in Kazan, 1852, and St. Petersburg, 1871); it was translated into some European languages, including Russian, by Sablukov and published by I.N. Berezin in "The Library of Oriental Historians " (vol. III, Kaz., 1854).