Threats to economic security as a reason for the low efficiency of transport security units

The role of economic security in the concept and practice of protecting Russian transport infrastructure facilities is revealed. The understanding of the “economic security of the enterprise” is theoretically justified and formulated. The evolution of the economic processes of the organization of transport security in Russia in the 20th and 21st centuries is considered. It shows the formation of the tradition of transport protection as a strategic branch by state security agencies, shows the peculiarities of regulation by the first decrees of the Soviet government, subordination of the protection of transport and its infrastructure to the military department. The evolution of the implementation of the considered function is traced, including in the activities of special units of state security agencies and services of the Ministry of Railways of the USSR. It is shown how in the 1990s the methods of responding to threats to transport infrastructure facilities were significantly changed, as well as the limited resources of the Russian state at that time. Contradictions of the current legislation and shortcomings in the activities of the authorized departmental body responsible for the protection of transport infrastructure facilities have been identified. The modern economic system in the field of protection of transport infrastructure facilities and the activities of transport security units are analyzed. Threats to the Russian transport infrastructure have been identified and systematized: corruption related to the practice of concluding contracts, economic related to minimizing costs and, accordingly, lowering the quality of security services, institutional related to regulatory variability, which necessitates frequent and multidirectional investments to ensure compliance with new and new requirements. The threats include a high level of entrepreneurial risks in conditions of opaque competition and manifestations of lobbying. It is concluded that the combination of threats to economic security in general worsens the state of security of Russian transport infrastructure facilities. The elimination of threats and minimization of risks are possible in a reformed system of regulation and functioning of the sphere under consideration. The economic problems in the organization of the activities of transport security units have been identified and guidelines for further overcoming them have been identified.