Elasticity and relaxation properties of oral fluid

The study is aimed at creating a method for rheological testing of viscoelastic fluids, the droplets of which, when stretched, form thinning threads, i.e. exhibit the property of spinning. A typical representative of such fluids is oral fluid (or mixed saliva). Among other things, the rheological features of the oral fluid actively affect the mechanisms of transmission of infection by airborne droplets. In this work, the oral fluid was studied, both from the point of view of a participant in the transmission of infection, and as a model for studying the rheology of viscoelastic fluids. The method is based on video recording of the stretching of a drop of the test liquid between the legs of the tweezers and the subsequent spontaneous thinning of the formed capillary thread of the liquid. The process is controlled by the competition of forces of inertia, elasticity, capillarity. By analyzing the video recording, it is possible to trace the contribution of each factor and, within the framework of the Oldroyd/Maxwell rheological equation of state (model), determine the numerical values of all model constants. The obtained rheological characteristics of the oral fluid will make it possible to theoretically model the processes of the formation of drops of oral fluid during sneezing, coughing, talking, as well as the processes of collision of drops with protective masks and filters, as well as with other obstacles. In general, the proposed method of rheological testing is applicable for studying a wide class of viscoelastic fluids, including biological ones. Among the latter are bronchial sputum, synovial fluid, reproductive fluids and others. The method is distinguished by the simplicity of the experiment and the use of elementary equipment.