Introduced grapevine varieties yield and quality in the Lower Don region conditions

The purpose of research is to study a group of introduced grape varieties of various ecological and geographical origin, technical direction of use, to identify the most productive varieties with technological potential for the conditions of the Lower Don Region. In the conditions of the northern zone of industrial viti-culture of the Russian Federation (Rostov Region), an assessment of the yield and quality of the harvest of 30 grape varieties was carried out. The studies were carried out in 2018–2020. The varieties were studied at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko in a grafted cover culture (stock Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB), the formation of bushes – long-sleeved. The scheme of planting bushes is 3.0 × 1.5 m. The crop is not irrigated. The study presents the data of the meteorological conditions of the research. Sugar and organic acids are essential for determining the taste and nutritional qualities of grapes and their suitability for technical processing, the accumulation of which depends on the soil and climatic conditions, the biological characteristics of the variety and the agricultural technology used in the vine-yards. Varieties Amlahu, Barkhatny, Vlesh, Dimatskun, Cabernet Sauvignon, Megrabuir, Merlot, Mujuretuli, Norok, Pinot noir, Muscat Riesling, Ruby Magaracha were identified as sugar-collecting varieties (with a sugar content of more than 23 g/100 cm3). The average weight of a bunch for the period of research by cultivars varied from 69 (Mujuretuli) to 462 g (Grubela). Bunches of more than 300 g were of the varieties Grubela, Adreuli shavi, Megrabuir and Grdzelmtevana. By the combination of positive signs (high yield rates, average bunch weight, percentage of fruitful shoots, mass concentration of sugars at optimal acidity), the following varieties were distinguished: Adreuli shavi, Amlakhu, Vlesh, Gorulimtsvane, Grdzelmtevana, Grubela, Dimatskun, Cabernet Sauvignon, Megrabuir, Merulilo , Noroc, Pinot Noir, Muscat Riesling, Ruby Magaracha.