Winter wheat yield due to protection against mushroom diseases in the Orel region

The purpose of the research is to provide a scientific basis for the protection of winter wheat from fungal pathogens. The research was conducted on the research and educational production center "Integration" of the Orel State Agrarian University in 2019 and 2020. New and recommended fungicides Azorro and Triada, winter wheat Moskovskaya 39 were used as research objects. The location of plots is systematic. The size of the experimental plot is 12 x 20 = 240 m2. The size of the registration plot is 50m2. The experiment is repeated four times. The experiment scheme is: 1. Control without treatment; 2. Azorro- 0.8 l / ha; 3. Triada- 0.6 l / ha; 4. Azorro- 0.8 l / ha +Triada- 0.6 l / ha (working fluid-300 l / ha). 2 treatments were performed: 1- tillering phase - the beginning of the stem elongation: 2- the phase of the flag leaf. For all the options of the experiment, the following pesticides were used: Insecticide Salvo, CE (250 g/l cypermethrin) - 0.2 l/ha (power fluid - 200-300 l/ha). Herbicide Lornet, BP (300 g / l of clopyralide) - 0.16-0.66 (p. fluid - 200-300 l / ha). The predecessor of winter wheat was lupine for green manure. The plowing was conducted up to 23-25 cm depth. Early spring harrowing was used. There was a pre-sowing cultivation. The seeding rate was 5 million of germinating seeds. Plant diseases and crop structure were determined according to the Methodology of the State Variety Testing of Agricultural Crops (1982, 1995). When determining the quality of grain, we were guided by the relevant state standards. It was revealed that double treatment of winter wheat crops of the Moskovskaya 39 variety with the Triada fungicide contributes to an increase in yield by 8.9% and grain quality. The difference in yield between the option with double treatment of crops with a Triad and the option with sequential treatment of Azorro in the tillering phase-the beginning of the exit into the tube and the Triad in the flag leaf phase is not statistically significant. Therefore, it is advisable to use the latter option in production, since the cost of Azorro fungicide is more than 1.5 times lower compared to Triad fungicide.