The yield qualities of foundation and certified seeds of sunflower varieties in progenies

The researches were conducted in Krasnodar region, at the central experimental base of the All-Russian research institute of oil crops named after Pustovoit V.S. The purpose of the research was to estimate yield qualities of progeny of seeds of the different reproductions of sunflower varieties Buzuluk, R-453, SUR, SPK, Lakomka, and Oreshek. There were used breeder seeds from the nursery, foundation seeds (super-elite), elite and certified seeds produced in the central zone of Krasnodar region in 2012-2014. The estimation of yield qualities of seeds was conducted on plots with total area 24.5 sq. m, accounting area - 12.2 sq. m, in three replications. Oil content of seeds was determined according to the State standard R 8.620-2006, 1000 seeds weight - according to the State standard 12042-80. During the seed multiplication from the breeder to certified seeds of oil varieties Buzuluk, R-453, and SUR such traits as duration of a period emergency-flowering, plant height, oil content and 1000 seed weight were stable. The differences between seed and oil yields per hectare were insufficient. Confectionary varieties SPK and Lakomka had increased variability of plant height during reproduction from the elite to certified seeds from 225 to 213 cm and from 187 to 202 cm, respectively. The significant differences in other trait were not observed. Conditions of the cultivation year did not influence on yield qualities of seeds in progeny. The important increase of a degree of infestation by broomrape was noted at the production stage from elite to certified seeds; its meanings per varieties were as following: Buzuluk - from 4.3 to 14.2, SUR - from 3.7 to 13.2, Lakomka - from 3.6 to 9.8, and Oreshek - from 2.7 to 7.5 broomrape seedlings per a sunflower plant.