The prerequisites for architectural avant-garde in the context of Russian culture in the first quarter of the 20th century

The research focuses on the development of the ideological and theoretical, arranged, social and economic processes having led to Russian architectural avant-garde. The transformation of a modernist style (art nouveau) to avant-garde (functionalism) is of high relevance to scientists discussing various approaches to analyzing the theoretical and practical issues of postmodernism. The purpose of the study is to identify the pivotal factors and prerequisites for domestic constructivism, rationalism and other similar movements in the post-revolutionary Soviet architecture. The research is based on the system approach which implies the analysis and synthesis of the theoretical principles and real practice of architectural and town-planning activity in the studied period. The combination of factors contributing to the development of Russian architectural avant-garde have been sufficiently considered neither in the context of the history of architecture nor in the philosophical and cultural discourse. The study on basic principles of architectural avant-garde is based on the materials published by philosophers, sociologists, and architects involved in the analysis of transformation of humanitarian, social and economic and arranged factors in architectural development at the turn of the 19-20th centuries. The research defines and systematizes the major aspects of the Soviet avant-garde principles and their implementation. The author concludes that the phenomenon of architectural avant-garde is a natural result of the preceding sociocultural evolution.