Resistance of forms of cherry and plum to fungal diseases

This article presents a study of selected and elite forms of sour cherry and plum for their resistance to the main fungus diseases of stone fruit. These forms included coccomycosis, brown rot, and clasterosporium. The studies were being conducted for 3 years, from 2016 to 2018. The objects of the research were 9 forms of sour cherry and 4 forms of plum, obtained as a result of breeding in the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (Orel). In the first case, the Turgenevka sour cherry variety was taken as control group, and the Orlovskaya Mechta plum variety was taken in the second case. Both controls are also were bred in the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. All studied plants were planted in 2011. The degree of damage of the plants by the symptoms of fungal diseases was studied in a visual way. The most stable forms were determined. The studies were conducted in accordance with generally accepted methodological recommendations. As a result of the research, it was found that all considered selective and elite forms have a high degree of resistance to all the studied diseases. In most cases, the degree of the damage did not exceed the degree in the control varieties. Form 84735 among other forms of sour cherry showed complex resistance to coccomycosis and brown rot. Form 18286 among the studied forms of plum was characterized by complex resistance to coccomycosis and clasterosporium. These samples can be used in the further breeding of sour cherry and plum on a set of economically valuable traits. It is also necessary to conduct their further study.