Grain production sustainability in the regions of the Russian Federation

The priority and significance of the study of structural transformations and the sustainability of the development of the domestic grain sub-complex is due to many reasons. Firstly, it is caused by the aggravation of the food problem in the world, which is a consequence of the emerging demographic situation (annual growth of over 90 million people) and an ever-growing grain deficit. Secondly, from the standpoint of increasing grain production, Russia has enormous potential, which scientists interpret as the competitive advantages of the domestic grain product subcomplex over other countries that produce grain in the world. The presented material outlines a conceptual approach to assessing the sustainability of yield and grain production. The share participation of federal districts in the formation of Russia's grain potential in 2018 was calculated. Trend equations were compiled, absolute and relative variability indicators were calculated, and stability coefficients of yield and gross harvests of grain crops were determined for federal districts and, in particular, for regions of the Central Federal District for 1990-2018. A ranked series of distribution of economic entities of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation by the volume of grain production per capita for the reporting period is presented. A comparative assessment of the results of the analytical alignment of the dynamic series of crop yields for 1990-2018 and 1960-1985 was carried out. Attention is focused on the need to study the state and development trends of grain production, monitor the composition and structure, the stability of the formation of grain potential, which will form an objective basis for making subsequent management decisions in the context of regulating factors that ensure the stable functioning of economic entities under modern economic conditions.