Variability studies in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under mid-hill conditions of Bharsar, Uttarakhand
Автор: Yashwant Singh Tariyal, S.S. Bisht, S.C. Pant, R.S. Chauhan
Журнал: Журнал стресс-физиологии и биохимии @jspb
Статья в выпуске: 3 т.17, 2021 года.
Бесплатный доступ
Twenty genotypes consisting local collections and varieties of fenugreek were evaluated in (RBD) randomized block design for the assessment of genetic variability parameters. Genotypes under observation showed a significant variation (P=0.05) for characters under study. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability was recorded high for number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, test weight and seed yield indicating wide range of variations among genotypes and offered opportunities for crop improvement. High to moderate heritability for all the characters under study with two genotypes having high genetic advance and rest of all having low genetic advance was observed among genotypes. The phenotypic and genotypic correlation among characters showed positive association of yield with days to fifty percent flowering, plant height, pod length, number of seeds pod-1, harvest index and test weight. The path coefficient study revealed that among all characters studied number of pods, harvest index, dry matter, number of seeds pod-1 and plant height had direct positive effect on seed yield indicating importance of characters for the selection of high yielding genotypes.
Variability, Heritability, Correlation, Path coefficient, Trigonella foenum-graecum
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/143173909
IDR: 143173909
Текст научной статьи Variability studies in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under mid-hill conditions of Bharsar, Uttarakhand
Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), is an annual herb indigenous to Mediterranean region widely distributed throughout the world. It belongs to the family Fabaceae, having somatic chromosome number 2n=2x=16. It is widely cultivated as a leafy vegetable, condiment and seed spice. The seeds are used as spices worldwide, whereas the leaves are used as green leafy vegetable. It is principle constituents of curry powder used in India. Moreover, also possesses medicinal properties. Its seeds had been used in local health tradition for treatment of ailments such as, dysentery, enlargement of lever span, gout, baldness, leucorrhoea, mouth ulcer, abdominal pain, kidney problem, diabetes, dropsy, spleen, obesity, etc. (Jain et al., 2013). It is an erect hairy annual growing upto 30-60 cm. It has long slender stems bear tripartite leaves, light green ovate leaves toothed on margins. The flowers are white or pale yellow in colour. The plant bears thin, sword-shaped pods with a curved tip, carrying 10-20 small hard, yellowish-brown seeds (Helambe and Dande, 2012).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The experiment was carried out at College of Horticulture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar. The altitude of the experimental site is about 1900 m asl at a longitude of 78.990 E and latitude of 30.0560 N. (Anon., 2012). The estimate of PCV (phenotypic coefficients of variation) and GCV (genotypic coefficients of variation) were worked out as method given by Burton (1953) and heritability, genetic advance genetic variability and character association were determined by following the methodology of Johnson et al., (1955). Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients for seed yield were estimated by following Al- Jibouri et al. , (1958) methodology while path coefficient analysis was determined by Dewey & Lu (1959) method.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The assessment of PCV and GCV shows variations present in on hand germplasm. For the characters studied, higher magnitude of PCV than GCV was obtained, though the difference was very less in a good number of the traits. This indicates that these traits are minimally influenced by environmental factors. Generally, coefficients of variation were of higher to lower magnitude suggesting that genetic diversity was present in the germplasm. The findings are in conformity with (Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Sharma and Sastry, 2008; Prajapati et al., 2010, Pushpa et al., 2012 and Jain et al., 2013). The PCV was estimated high for days to fifty percent germination, plant length, branches number, pods number, seeds pod-1, test weight and yield which were in concord with (Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Sarada et al., 2008, Prajapati et al., 2010, Dashora et al., 2011, Dashora et al., 2012, Singh et al., 2012 and Jain et al., 2013). GCV was observed high for branches number, pod number, seeds pod-1, test weight, and yield moderate for plant height and low for days to fifty percent flowering which was in harmony with (Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Sarada 2008, Prajapati et al., 2010,
Singh et al., 2012 and Jain et al., 2013). The concept of heritability has a production value in governing a character, generally expressed in per cent. It is a good index for estimating transmission of a trait to offspring from parent (Falconer, 1989). The estimate of heritability is useful for plant breeders in order to select elite genotypes from genetically diverse populations. It estimates the amount of genetic variance to total phenotypic variance. In the present study, heritability ranges from 35.99 to 97.00%. High heritability was observed for days to fifty percent germination, days to fifty percent flowering, plant height, branches number, pod number, pod length, days to maturity, test weight and yield (Chandra et al., 2000, Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Sharma and Sastry, 2008, Prajapati et al., 2010, Jain et al., 2013 and Singh et al., 2012), and for harvest index by (Dashora et al., 2011 and Dashora et al., 2012). High heritability was observed for number of seed pod-1 by (Sarada et al., 2008). Genetic gain under assortment of per cent of the population mean was low to high for various characters studied. The range was from 9.50% to 93.54%. It was found high for the characters viz. number of pods, seed yield and test weight which were in close agreement with (Chandra et al., 2000, Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Sarada et al., 2008 and Prajapati et al., 2010). High heritability is accompanied by high genetic gain for yield, test weight and seeds pod-1 indicating more scope of selection on the basis of these traits. Which is similar to the findings of (Chandra et al., 2000, Banerjee and Kole, 2004 and Sarada et al., 2008) shown in table 3.
Correlation analysis provides information for the recognition of important characters to be considered during crop improvement program. Direct selection for complex traits such as yield is not notably efficient as they are polygenic traits and their expression depends on the performance of a range of component traits. So, for developing high yielding genotypes, assortment should be intended through contributing traits which necessitate the comprehension of their extent of association with yield. The genotypic correlation coefficients were higher in magnitude than phenotypic correlation coefficients presented in table 4. The information on nature and enormity of correlation coefficients helps in determining selection criteria for noteworthy progress characters along with economic yield. The genotypic correlation coefficient for seed yield had a significant positive association with days to fifty percent flowering, plant height, pod length, seeds pod-1, harvest index and test weight. Similarly, seed pod-1 has significant positive correlation with days to fifty percent flowering, plant height and pod length. Pod plant-1 has significant correlation with days to fifty percent germination and branches plant-1. Pod length had significantly positive correlation with days to fifty percent flowering and plant height which was also observed by (Chandra et al., 2000), Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Dashora et al., 2011 and Jain et al., 2013). Although, correlation studies provide useful information in estimating the yield components but it does not provide information about the nature and degree of contributions made by number of independent traits.
Path coefficient estimates provides basis for allocation of appropriate weightage to various attributes while designing a program for the improvement of crop yields represented in table 5. In order to recognize factors contributing significantly towards seed yield, the estimates of direct and indirect effects were also computed through path coefficient analysis depicted in table 3. The path coefficient analysis revealed that out of all characters studied number of pods had maximum and direct positive effect on seed yield followed by harvest index, percent dry matter, number of seeds per pod and plant height whereas, number of branches had maximum direct negative effect on seed yield followed by days to fifty percent germination, days to harvest maturity, days to fifty percent flowering, pod length and test weight. Further, Test weigh had maximum indirect positive effect on seed yield followed by pod length, harvest index, number of seed per pod, plant height, days to fifty percent flowering, days to fifty percent germination, number of branches and number of pods whereas, days to harvest maturity had indirect negative effect on seed yield previously done experiment by (Banerjee and Kole, 2004, Sharma and Shastry, 2008, Kole and Saha, 2013) also reported similar effect of yield attributing characters on seed yield.
Table 1: Performance of genotype for morphological and yield traits.
|
Name of Genotype |
Days to 50% germination ± SE(m) |
Days to 50% doweling ± SE(m) |
Days to hanest maturity ± SE(m) " |
Plant height ± SE(m) |
Number of branches per plant ± SE(m) |
Number of pods per plant ± SE(m) |
|
Belwari Local |
7.00 = (0.577) |
51.67 ± (2.028) |
100.67 ±(1.453) |
27.59 = (2.009) |
2.47 = (0.521) |
6.27 ±(0.982) |
|
Rudhauli Local |
7.67 = (0.882) |
51.67 ±(1.764) |
95.33 = (1.453) |
20.27 ±(2.146) |
2.13 ±(0.353) |
3.67 ±(0.333) |
|
Kammarpur Local |
9.00 = (0.577) |
60.67 ±(1.202) |
107.33 = (1 202) |
22.82 = (1.384) |
3.27 = (0.593) |
7.40 = (2.139) |
|
Ramnagar Local-1 |
7.33 = (0.667) |
55.67 ±(1.764) |
96.00 = (2.082) |
30.18 = (0.451) |
3.80 = (0.306) |
6.60 ±(0.115) |
|
Motigarpur Local |
9.00 = (0.577) |
49.67 ±(1.333) |
104.33 = (2.603) |
22 15 = (0.536) |
2.40 = (0.115) |
3.93 ± (0 533) |
|
Misipur Local |
10.00 = (0.577) |
45.33 ±(1.453) |
118 67 ±(1.202) |
24.17±(2.148) |
4.13 ±(0.291) |
10.33 = (0.851) |
|
Kanpur Local |
7.33 = (0.333) |
58 67 ±(2.028) |
90.00 = (1.000) |
26.27 = (0.871) |
2.93 = (0.467) |
5.53 ±(0 481) |
|
Jaunpur Local |
9.33 = (1 453) |
54.33 ±(1.764) |
117.33 = (2 028) |
23.19±(1.581) |
2.60 = (0.115) |
6.27 ± (1 881) |
|
Samodhpur Local |
9.33 = (0 882) |
63.67 ± (1.453) |
96.33 = (1.453) |
29.99 = (2.282) |
3.33 = (0.406) |
6.80 = (0 611) |
|
Ramnagar Local-2 |
10.67 = (0.882) |
65.67 ± (2.028) |
121.67 = (1.202) |
36 36 = (1.674) |
3.33 ±(0.521) |
7.67 ±(1.852) |
|
FEB |
10.33 = (0.882) |
54.00 ±(2.082) |
91.67 = (0.334) |
32.80 = (0.490) |
3.73 = (0.353) |
7.80 = (0.808) |
|
Kasuri |
10.33 = (1.453) |
53.33 ± (1.856) |
125.67 = (2 028) |
18.00 = (0.070) |
5.07 = (0.437) |
19.12 ±(0.924) |
|
Hanumangarh Local |
9.00 = (0.667) |
65.67 ± (1.453) |
114.67 = (1.764) |
32 13 = (3.865) |
3.27 ±(0.570) |
10.69 = (4.284) |
|
Kotdwara Local |
11 67 = (0.333) |
55.00 ± (1.528) |
119.33 = (0 882) |
28.95 = (3.167) |
3.13 = (0.333) |
7 60 = (0.577) |
|
Sankarpur Local |
8.33 = (0.882) |
55.33 ±(1.856) |
121.33 = (1 202) |
32.29 = (3.022) |
3.73 = (0.240) |
8.53 ± (1 551) |
|
Nainidanda Local |
10.67 = (1.202) |
51.00 ±(1.732) |
121.67 = (1.764) |
29.55 ± (4.202) |
2.40 = (0.400) |
6.13 ± (1 568) |
|
Dugada Local |
6.00 = (0.577) |
59.33 ± (1.202) |
123.00 = (1.155) |
32.20 = (1 501) |
3.73 ±(0.521) |
8.87 ± (1 328) |
|
Adwari Local |
9.00 = (1.155) |
64.67 ±(1.453) |
97.00 = (0.577) |
28.75 ± (5.032) |
3 60 = (0 115) |
7.27 ±(2.146) |
|
Satpuli Local |
9.67 = (1 202) |
60.67 ± (1.856) |
108 67 =(1 202) |
26.05 = (2.277) |
2.67 ±(0.733) |
4.93 ± (1 122) |
|
Pant Ragani* |
6.33 = (0.333) |
62.00 ± (1.528) |
94.33 = (1.453) |
29.67 = (7.034) |
3.07 = (0.667) |
6.27 ± (3 269) |
|
SE(d) |
1.254 |
2.425 |
2.123 |
3.939 |
0.597 |
2.427 |
|
C.D.fO.o#) |
2.548 |
4.928 |
4.315 |
8.005 |
1.212 |
4.933 |
Table 2: Performance of genotype for yield traits
|
Name of Genotype |
Pod length ± SE(m) |
Number of seeds per pods ± SE(m) |
Diy matter content (%) ± SE(m) |
Hanest index (°o)±SE(m) |
Test weight ± SE(m) |
Yield Plot ± SE(m) |
|
Belwari Local |
7.63 ± (0.290) |
10.53 ± (0.851) |
55.19±(6.154) |
35.29 = (0.958) |
13.79±(0.552) |
66 13 ±(5.867) |
|
Rudhauli Local |
8.59 ± (0.395) |
12.07 ±(0.677) |
67.46 ±(6.460) |
56.52 ± (5.457) |
10.44 ± (0.280) |
82.93 ± (10.657) |
|
Kammarpur Local |
8.49 ± (0.862) |
14.13 ±(1.525) |
63 40 ±(3.369) |
58.73 ± (4.567) |
12.94 ±(0.433) |
103.20 ±(9.272) |
|
Ramnagar Local-1 |
9.22 ±(0 907) |
13.27 ±(0.406) |
68 70±(1.145) |
52.99 ±(2.731) |
16 73 ±(0.490) |
110 40 ±(2.771) |
|
Motigarpur Local |
7.22 ±(0.283) |
12.73 ±(0.874) |
68.63 ±(1.375) |
40 94 ±(10.543) |
14.07 ±(0.976) |
97.60 ±(3.331) |
|
Misipur Local |
8.66 ±(0.718) |
14.00 ±(0.503) |
67.02 ± (1.368) |
63.81 ±(7.854) |
18.70 ±(0.700) |
115.20 ±(15.123) |
|
Kanpur Local |
9.71 ±(0.725) |
12.93 ±(0.897) |
61.62 ±(0.651) |
42.11 ±(3.605) |
14.32 ± (0.892) |
79.20 ±(4.866) |
|
Jaunpur Local |
9.04 ± (0.493) |
13.80 ±(1.400) |
63.82 ±(5.677) |
39.11 ±(6.526) |
20.86 ± (0 678) |
76.00 ±(6.214) |
|
Samodhpur Local |
9.47 ±(1 170) |
15.13 ±(0.751) |
70.27 ±(4.503) |
59.54 ±(6.061) |
18.74 ±(0.504) |
125.07 ±(4.438) |
|
Ramnagar Local-2 |
8.16 ±(0.347) |
12.93 ±(0.677) |
71.74 ±(2.860) |
64.66 ±(1.383) |
31.06 ±(0.650) |
139.20 ±(25.716) |
|
PEB |
9.78 ±(0.940) |
14.07 ±(0.581) |
65.59 ±(2.012) |
69.27 ±(4.089) |
30.34 ±(0.979) |
261.87 = (18.015) |
|
Kasuri |
2.26 ±(0.288) |
7.55 ±(0.454) |
50.34 ±(5.067) |
57.67 ±(7.405) |
9.79 ±(0.460) |
63.73 ±(1.867) |
|
Hanumangarh Local |
10.61 ±(1.454) |
12.73 ±(0.240) |
65.44 ±(9.545) |
66.24 ±(0.448) |
25.97 ±(1.282) |
224.00 ±(14.518) |
|
Kotdwara Local |
9.93 ±(1 283) |
13.07 ±(0 593) |
71.76 ±(2.049) |
4L02±(9 852) |
15 87 ±(0.925) |
102.93 ±(21 651) |
|
Sankarpur Local |
7.69 ±(0.157) |
12.67 ± (1.213) |
58 18 ±(4.369) |
54.02 ±(2.051) |
21.85 ± (1.011) |
84.27 ±(9.253) |
|
Nainidanda Local |
8.17 ±(1.617) |
14.47 ±(0.546) |
74.45 ±(0.137) |
42.31 ±(4.712) |
21.74 ±(1.030) |
84.27 ±(9.253) |
|
Dugada Local |
9.87 ±(0.822) |
14.07 ±(0.291) |
68 13 ±(3.914) |
59.95 ± (5.420) |
19.70 ± (0.881) |
136 00 = (25.399) |
|
Adwari Local |
10.34 ± (1.032) |
14.47 ±(0.437) |
80.75 ±(3.618) |
52.06 ±(4.720) |
17.83 ± (0.605) |
122.67 ±(36.536) |
|
Satpuli Local |
9.42 ±(1.162) |
12.20 ±(1.361) |
63.45 ±(3.777) |
61.09±(1.598) |
13.06 ± (0.583) |
97.33 ± (5.353) |
|
Pant Ragani* |
7 65±(1 150) |
13 27 ±(0 742) |
73 60 ±(2 403) |
42 78 ±(3 887) |
19 57 ±(0 910) |
117 60±(13910) |
|
SE(d) |
1.113 |
1.152 |
5.886 |
7.864 |
1.132 |
22.001 |
|
C.D.to.W) |
2.261 |
2.341 |
11.961 |
15.981 |
2.300 |
44.711 |
Table 3. Estimates of the phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic gain for different traits
|
Character |
Range Mean ± S.E(m) COX" о) Heatability Genetic Genetic Pheuonpic Genotypic CM Advance (%) Gam (%) |
|
Days to 50 per cent germination. Days to 50 per cent flowering. Plant height (cm). Number of branch per plant. Number of pods per plant Number of seed per pod. Pods length (cm). Dry matter (%) Harvest index Day to harvesting maturity Test weight (g) Seed yield per plot (g) |
5.67 8.87 ±1.25 21.03 18 00 73.29 2.85 31.75 20.33 56.90 ±2.42 11.01 9.70 77.54 10.01 17.589 18.36 27.67 ±3.94 20.03 18.66 86.86 9.78 35.832 2.93 3.24 ±0.60 24.44 21.28 75.80 1.26 38.165 15.45 7.58 ±2.43 47.28 46.34 96.06 6 71 93.549 7.58 13 ±1.15 24.28 23.20 91.28 3.88 45.659 8.35 8.60 ±1.11 15.27 11.96 61.34 2.50 19.298 30.41 66 48 ±5.89 12 82 7.69 35.99 6 35 9.503 33.98 53.01 ±7.86 17.76 16.30 84.16 16.39 30.795 35.67 108.25 ±2.12 11.52 11.27 95.65 24.57 22.696 21.27 18.37±1.13 32.65 32.16 97.00 12.00 65.237 7.93 4.59 ±0.63 45.02 43.51 93.42 3.97 86.628 |
Table 4. Phenotypic and Genotypic coefficients of correlation among different traits in Fenugreek
|
Characters |
DG |
DE |
PH |
NOB |
NOP |
PL |
NOS |
PDM |
HI |
DHM |
TAX |
YPP |
|
|
DG |
p |
1.000 |
-0.136 |
0 032 |
0.296* |
0.464“ |
-0.119 |
-0.146 |
-0 060 |
0 300* |
0.392“ |
0.148 |
0.104 |
|
G |
1.000 |
-0 200 |
0.090 |
0417** |
0.532” |
-0.134 |
-0.127 |
-0.059 |
0.416“ |
0 460“ |
0.196 |
0.114 |
|
|
DE |
Г |
0.206 |
0.022 |
-0.128 |
0.260* |
0.185 |
0.194 |
0.224 |
-0.145 |
0.286* |
0.335“ |
||
|
G |
0.265* |
0014 |
-0.11$ |
0.329* |
0.259* |
0.406* * |
0 285* |
-0.140 |
0.345“ |
0.369* * |
|||
|
PH |
P |
0.059 |
-0.073 |
0.376** |
0.383“ |
0.261* |
0.064 |
0.187 |
0.649“ |
0.360* * |
|||
|
G |
0056 |
-0 093 |
0415“ |
0467" |
0.371“ |
0 062 |
0212 |
0.712” |
0 386“ |
||||
|
NOB |
p |
0.734** |
-0.269* |
-0.160 |
-0.156 |
0.496** |
0 350“ |
0.007 |
0.092 |
||||
|
G |
0812** |
-0.368“ |
-0.191 |
-0 367“ |
0 590“ |
0401“ |
0.027 |
0.091 |
|||||
|
NOP |
P |
-0.477” |
-0.446“ |
-0 381“ |
0.414“ |
0.536“ |
-0.057 |
0.010 |
|||||
|
G |
-0 521“ |
-0572“ |
-0 680“ |
0476** |
0 553“ |
-0.057 |
0012 |
||||||
|
PL |
P |
0.547“ |
0.359“ |
0.077 |
-0.309* |
0.378“ |
0.531“ |
||||||
|
G |
0.689“ |
0.465“ |
0 069 |
-0.335“ |
0 409“ |
0.562“ |
|||||||
|
NOS |
P |
0 559** |
-0 207 |
-0.203 |
0416“ |
0316* |
|||||||
|
G |
0.969“ |
-0.216 |
-0.216 |
0.548“ |
0413“ |
||||||||
|
PDM |
P |
-0.168 |
-0134 |
0.223 |
0.174 |
||||||||
|
G |
-0.238 |
-0.262* |
0.452“ |
0.303* |
|||||||||
|
HI |
P |
0327* |
0.230 |
0 487** |
|||||||||
|
G |
0 340“ |
0.249 |
0 508“ |
||||||||||
|
DHM |
p |
0.154 |
-0.145 |
||||||||||
|
G |
0158 |
-0165 |
|||||||||||
|
та |
P |
0.712“ |
|||||||||||
|
G |
0.745е* |
||||||||||||
|
XTP |
P |
1 000 |
|||||||||||
|
G |
1 000 |
||||||||||||
Where,
*(Significant at 5% level of significance), ** (Significant at 1% level of significance)
DG (Days to fifty percent germination), DF (Days to fifty percent flowering), PH (Plant Height), NOB (Number of Branches per plant) NOP (Number of Pod per plant), PL (Pod Length) NOS (No. of seed per pod), PDM (Percentage dry matter), HI (Harvest index), DHM (Days to harvest maturity), TW (Test weight), YPP (Yield per plot)
Table 5. Genotypic path estimates of direct and indirect effects of different traits on seed yield per plot in fenugreek
|
Characten |
DG |
DF |
PH |
NOB |
NOP |
PL |
NOS |
PDM |
Hl |
DHM |
TW |
YPP |
|
DG |
■0.998 |
0 164 |
0 050 |
•0937 |
1725 |
0 029 |
■0 102 |
•0077 |
0 736 |
-0443 |
-0032 |
0114 |
|
DF |
0 199 |
-0.820 |
0147 |
-0031 |
-0 381 |
-0070 |
0210 |
0 532 |
0 504 |
0135 |
-0 056 |
0 369** |
|
PH |
-0 090 |
-0217 |
0.555 |
-0 126 |
-0 302 |
-0089 |
0.377 |
0 486 |
0.110 |
-0 204 |
-0.115 |
0 3S6” |
|
NOB |
-0417 |
-ООП |
0031 |
-2.245 |
2 636 |
0 079 |
-0 154 |
-0 481 |
1 045 |
-0 387 |
-0.004 |
0 091 |
|
NOP |
-0.531 |
0 096 |
-0 052 |
-1824 |
3.245 |
0111 |
-0 462 |
-0 891 |
0 843 |
-0533 |
0.009 |
0.012 |
|
PL |
0 134 |
-0270 |
0 231 |
0 826 |
-1 690 |
-0.214 |
0 556 |
0 609 |
0122 |
0323 |
-0 066 |
0 562** |
|
NOS |
0127 |
-0213 |
0259 |
0428 |
-1 856 |
-0147 |
0.808 |
1 269 |
-0 382 |
0 208 |
-0 089 |
0413е* |
|
PDM |
0 059 |
-0 333 |
0 206 |
0 825 |
-2205 |
-0 099 |
0.782 |
1.310 |
-0 421 |
0252 |
-0073 |
0 303* |
|
HI |
-0415 |
-0 234 |
0034 |
-1326 |
1 546 |
-0015 |
-0 174 |
-0 311 |
1.770 |
-0327 |
-0 040 |
0 508** |
|
DHM |
•0459 |
0.115 |
0118 |
•0901 |
I 796 |
0072 |
•0.174 |
•0 343 |
0602 |
-0.963 |
-0 026 |
•0165 |
|
TAX |
•0 195 |
•0 283 |
0 396 |
•0 061 |
-0186 |
•0 087 |
0 443 |
0 592 |
0 441 |
-0 152 |
•0.162 |
0745** |
Residual effect = 0.182
DG (Days to fifty percent germination), DF (Days to fifty percent flowering), PH (Plant Height), NOB (Number of Branches per plant) NOP (Number of Pod per plant), PL (Pod Length) NOS (No. of seed per pod), PDM (Percentage dry matter), HI (Harvest index), DHM (Days to harvest maturity), TW (Test weight), YPP (Yield per plot)
CONCLUSION
On the basis of average performance of genotype, it can be predicted that Kammarpur Local Dugada Local Adwari Local Hanumangarh Local, PEB, Ramnagar Local-2 Sankarpur Local, Nainidanda Local, Ramnagar Local-2 Jaunpur Local, were superior over other entries and over standard checks for yield, quality and other important horticultural traits. All the genotypes was found superior for most of the character under study such as plant height, number of branches, number of pod, pod length, number of seed per pod, days to harvest maturity, test weight, seed yield. Therefore, they can be further evaluated for stability analysis. Further, all these genotypes can also be utilized in future breeding programs for their superior characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean and GCV were observed for number of pods, seed yield and test weight indicating the presence of additive gene effects suggesting more scope of selection for these traits. The path coefficient analysis revealed that out of all characters studied number of pods, harvest index, percent dry matter, number of seeds per pod and plant height had maximum direct positive effect on seed yield whereas, number of branches, days to fifty percent germination, days to harvest maturity, days to fifty percent flowering, pod length had maximum direct negative effect on seed yield. These results showed that selection should be made on the basis of these characters for yield improvement in fenugreek.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my sincere appreciation and gratitude to Dr. B. P. Nautiyal, Dean, College of Horticulture, Bharsar and Chairman of my advisory committee his guidance during my research. I am indebted to Dr. S.S. Bisht Co-chairmen of my advisory committee. In addition, Dr. S. C. Pant and Dr. R. S. Chauhan deserve thank for their contribution to the work.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Conducted research as a part of Master’s research and there are no competing interests.
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