Nietzsche's "Eternal recurrence" and the antiquity

The subject under research in this paper is relation between Nietzsche's idea of the «Eternal Recurrence of the same» and Ancient Greek culture. «Eternal Recurrence» has two forms in the philosophical heritage of Friedrich Nietzsche: the form of thought about the way of life and the form of a cosmological doctrine like the ancient Greek philosophy of nature. The first form is paramount, because the doctrine is just a form of a thought. Some of the previous researches in this area were focused on the cosmological aspect of Nietzsche's idea. This approach caused misinterpretation. In fact, Ancient Greek philosophical doxography related to the problem of cyclic time and eternal recurrence has no adequate analogy. Nevertheless, it should not become the basis for negation of the relation between «Eternal Recurrence of the same» and the antiquity, because this approach takes Nietzsche's idea and ancient culture separately from each other, as if there is no correlation between them. To avoid this mistake, the author used philosophical hermeneutics as a research method. The main idea of this paper is based on Nietzsche's affirmation of the essential link between «Eternal Recurrence of the same» and the antiquity. According to Nietzsche, philosophy is an exception from antiquity, and not its focus. The purpose of the current research is to discover the connection of ethical consequences from the concept of Eternal Recurrence with ancient culture in general and with the ancient concept of time particularly. The main attention is focused on the separation of the «mysterious phenomena of antiquity» and the «Apollonian» life of the polis, «Olympus of Illusion». Eternal Re-currence implies a return of the political and artistic antiquity, but not Dionysian sides of the Ancient Greek cul-ture. The «Eternal Recurrence» is a repetition of typical phenomena: agonism, polis, war, art. With regard to the ancient concept of the time's nature, Nietzsche's theory stated not return to the same, but the present moment as the most important. All human forces must be given to the present moment. Through the example of Hellenic un-derstanding of time (mythical «great» past, present moment and glory in the future), it is traced that «the past» and «future» were of decisive significance for the «present» in antiquity.