Verbalizing the conceptual opposition of “us vs them” in proverbs: comparative paremias in Swedish and Russian

The paper highlights correlation of mental structures and their linguistic content in the comparative proverbs in Swedish and Russian that verbalize the opposition of “us vs them”. The study was carried out using a cognitive-and-comparative approach as part of linguistic study of the relationship between language and culture, authoritative dictionaries of Swedish and Russian proverbs provided material for the analysis. A cognitive modeling of the units was carried out, which implied stating the structural-and-semantic models of Swedish and Russian proverbs, their identification and comparison. The studyfound that both Swedish and Russian proverbs, which express the opposition of “us vs them”, have a common basic concept with a frame pattern associated with it. However, differences in the conceptual foundations of comparative proverbs in the Swedish and Russian languages derive from the discrepency between conceptual constituency of their domains that are reflected in the proverbs. Thus, Swedish proverbs verbalize the concept of “House” with the domain “Space”, whereas Russian units convey the concept “Person” by the domain “Interpersonal relations”. The Swedish proverbs are noted to be more categorical and didactic than the Russian proverbs. The study findings can be used in the analysis of similarities and differences in the traditional mentality of Swedes and Russians, as reflected in proverbs related to various fragments of the world.