The influence of biofertilizers on productivity and morphological characteristics of intensive potato varieties grown in the Non-Chernozem zone

The article examines effect of biofertilizers on the productivity and morphological characteristics of intensive potato varieties grown in a Non-Chernozem zone. The purpose of the research was to evaluate effectiveness of biological preparations in the production technology of intensive potato varieties and to assess tubers by morphological parameters. The objects selected are potato varieties of domestic selection - Kolobok, Varyag, Kumach. Two biologics in various combinations and dosages - Azotovite and Phosphatovite - were experimentally studied on them. The research was conducted in 2022-2023 in the conditions of the Ryazan region on gray forest soils according to generally accepted methods. The largest number of tubers on average over two years of research was formed in plants of the control variant, but their mass was significantly lower than this indicator on plants treated with biofertilizers. The Azotovite + Phosphatovite variant for all varieties had the largest excess of the mass of tubers from one bush in relation to the control. The marketability of tubers in the variants with the use of biofertilizers exceeded the control due to an increase in the proportion of a large fraction and ranged from 90.5 to 97.1%, depending on the variety and the fertilizer used. The increase in yield according to the experimental variants ranged from 7.9 c/ha to 40.2 c/ha (3.2-12.5%). On average, over two years of the research, the Varyag variety (361.6 c/ha) proved to be the most productive of the studied in the Non-Chernozem zone. The surface of tubers of all varieties in all variants of the experiment is characterized as smooth, without growths and depressions (9 points) and smooth with single depressions (8 points). Taking into account the fact that potato tubers, which have an eye score of 9-5 points, are preferable for processing, since they are well amenable to technological processing and produce less waste, all the studied potato varieties met the requirements for technological processing.