Влияние COVID-19 на психическое здоровье населения (как показатель человеческого потенциала): опыт зарубежных исследований

Влияние COVID-19 на психическое здоровье населения (как показатель человеческого потенциала): опыт зарубежных исследований

Автор: Шматова Юлия Евгеньевна

Журнал: Проблемы развития территории @pdt-vscc-ac

Рубрика: Качество жизни и человеческий потенциал территорий

Статья в выпуске: 4 (108), 2020 года.

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Распространение новой коронавирусной инфекции затронуло весь мир. Предпринятые государствами меры принудительной изоляции для предупреждения распространения вируса вызвали многочисленные долгосрочные последствия для физического, психического здоровья населения, качества жизни и человеческого потенциала, а значит и экономики в целом. Зарубежные страны столкнулись с пандемией прежде России, поэтому успели провести исследования различных аспектов воздействия COVID-19 на психическое здоровье и опубликовать их результаты (в основном online). В представленной статье на основе глубокого анализа и обобщения зарубежного опыта автором были определены основные негативные проявления пандемии в сфере психического здоровья (ухудшение настроения, нарушение сна, рост тревожных, депрессивных расстройств, алкоголизма, межличностного насилия, суицидального и избегающего поведения). Изучены и структурированы основные факторы риска неблагоприятных психологических исходов, с их помощью выделены наиболее уязвимые группы (COVID-положительные и члены их семей, душевнобольные, врачи, финансово неблагополучные и безработные, жертвы домашнего насилия, одинокие и пожилые люди). На основании полученных выводов сформулированы основные пути минимизации отрицательного воздействия пандемии: организация единой, интегрированной платформы психологического консультирования; ответственное использование СМИ при освещении вопросов, касающихся пандемии; организация помощи группам риска (в т. ч. удаленно); финансовая поддержка населения в кризисный период; пропаганда здорового образа жизни; смягчение негативного воздействия карантина. Важным направлением для снижения психологического бремени CОVID-19 являются научные исследования. Особенно актуальными становятся мониторинг показателей тревоги и депрессии, суицидального поведения, факторов и механизмов воздействия пандемии на группы риска, лонгитюдные исследования, в т. ч. групп риска.

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Психическое здоровье, человеческий потенциал, тревожные и депрессивные расстройства, суицид, психические расстройства, медицинские работники, качество жизни, средства массовой информации, домашнее насилие

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/147225360

IDR: 147225360   |   DOI: 10.15838/ptd.2020.4.108.6

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