The influence of fungicides and natural factors on microbiot of root system and soil

The causative agents of root and foot rot of winter wheat, the development of which depended on the varietal features of culture and climatic factors, were revealed. It was noted that the causative agents of the diseases of the root system were the phytopathogenic mycobiota consisting primarily of micromycetes of the genus Pythium, Fusarium, Alternaria. The high biological efficiency from the use of the chemical preparation Maxim Extreme, 1.75 l/t on rootlets and seedlings (78.6%) and seeds (81.0%) was proved. In the tillering phase after the action of this disinfectant, a stably high result was also observed on the roots and in the radical zone against the phytopathogenic complex (fusariosis, pitosis, alternaria). By the end of the growing season against the root and foot rot, the treatment of seeds with a chemical preparation Maxim Extreme was 1.75 l /t, and the plants of Alto Super 0.5 l/ha (95.2%) were more effective. By the ratio to foot rot, a significant improvement in primary and secondary roots was noted from using only fungicide Maxim Forte on seeds 1.75 l/t (67.0%). It is proved that in the phase of wax ripeness of culture micromycete pp. B. sorokiniana, Fusarium, Alternaria occupied secondary roots, stem base, the lesion also spread to the third internode, mushrooms from the genus Pythium were noted only in the root and root zones of the plant. It was found that the typical Helminthosporium blight was prevalent when the hydrothermal conditions were favourable both for the preservation of infection in the soil and for the intensive development of the disease (the STC in July is below 1), the fusarium rot was by the sufficient moistening (SCC - 1.5 and above), fusarium-helminthosporium blight was with unstable and sufficient moisture (GTK - 1-1.4).