The leptin gene effect on the cattle economic use duration

The purpose of research is to study, systematize and summarize the available scientific data on the effect of the leptin gene on the duration of economic use of cattle over the past ten years. This paper presents the results of scientific research on the effect of polymorphisms A80V, Y7F and R25C on the duration of use of animals in agriculture. Polymorphisms R25C and Y7F occur in the second, and A80V - in the third exon of the leptin gene. Research has linked the R25C site to milk protein content, milk fat content, calving ease, and pregnancy duration. The CC genotype is associated with a greater risk of culling in cows. The Y7F site is associated with animal viability, and the FF genotype has a higher risk of culling. The LEP-A80V site affects the duration of animal management and the level of profitability. Cows with the VV genotype have a higher risk of culling than cows with the AA genotype. Assessment of the influence of the leptin gene must be carried out comprehensively across all loci, and not just one. Assessing the combined effect of a gene at three loci allows for a more refined analysis of the animal’s potential. Studies show that the YY genotype predominates at the Y7F site, and genotypes with the F allele are washed out of the population. Most often in domestic farms, the heterozygous genotype of the R25C site is found, but the RR genotype has a positive effect on the longevity of animals. Genotypes AA and AV are more common on the A80V site, the frequency of occurrence of the unfavorable genotype VV is lower. Thus, studying the effect of leptin gene polymorphisms on the economic use of cattle is an important area of scientific research in agriculture. Research results make it possible to predict the duration of use of animals and increase the profitability of agricultural enterprises.