The effect of the oil base of retinol palmitate solution on red blood cells morphology

For an objective experimental and clinical assessment of the effect of retinol and its esters on erythrocytes, additional clarification of their possible reaction to excipients present in the oil solutions of these compounds is required. The aim of the study was a morphological densitometric analysis of erythrocytes in the blood of animals treated with an oil base solution of retinol palmitate. The study was carried out on 12 male Wistar rats weighing 120 grams, which for 10 days were injected through the mouth at 0.2 ml / day of an oil base containing rapeseed oil and antioxidants - butylhydroxytoluene and butylhydroxyanisole. The control group consisted of 12 intact rats. Using the hardware-software complex DiaMorph Cito (JSC «DiaMorph», Russia), in blood smears stained with Leishman's solution, the morphological densitometric parameters of erythrocytes (disciform cells) were measured, allowing to quantitatively evaluate their morphological and functional state in animals of the control and experimental groups. It was found that in rats that consumed an oil base, there were changes in the optical and some geometric parameters of erythrocytes. There was an increase in the integral optical density of the cytoplasm, as well as the curvature of the descending torus and the length of the disciform form cells profile. Since mature erythrocytes are deprived of the biosynthetic apparatus, an increase in the integral optical density of their cytoplasm under conditions of consumption of an oil base should be considered as the appearance in the blood of erythrocytes with a greater amount of hemoglobin than in intact animals. Such a reaction of erythron can presumably be considered as a result of the effect of the components of the oil base on the process of hemoglobin synthesis in erythroblasts of the red bone marrow. As a result of changes in the geometry of erythrocytes, their surface area and its ratio with the volume of cells increased. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the eating of the oil base used to prepare a solution of retinol palmitate causes a slight deformation of erythrocytes in terms of volume. The resulting changes in the optical and geometric parameters of erythrocytes presumably contribute to an increase in their gas transport and gas exchange functions.