Deep looseners treatment influence on soil humidity under the open part of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe conditions

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the developed and manufactured LLC NPO “Technoros” rotary deep loosener of the soil during autumn stubble slotting to a depth of 15.0 cm and to study its effect on soil moisture. An effective method of growing crops is proposed in order to increase productivity through the intensification of agricultural technology of cultivation. Long-term field experiments of the Krasnoyarsk Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, a separate subdivision of the Federal Research Center of the KSC SB RAS, Krasnogorsk State Agrarian University, and others have shown that tillage along the path of minimization contributes to the conservation of moisture in the arable horizon by reducing surface runoff when a large amount of snow melts. The proposed technology of autumn loosening of the soil will allow direct sowing of agricultural crops in the spring by any sowing complex that combines cultivation with simultaneous sowing. The new agricultural machine does not require special technical support conditions, and the proposed variant of tillage in autumn with a pin cultivator will allow maintaining the loose state of the surface, with the presence of furrows and cracks of different depths on it. Due to this, moisture will be better absorbed and retained by the soil, providing a more uniform supply of plants during the growing season. The new technology makes it possible to reduce the cost of production in comparison with the technology of plow processing by 1.5 times, in comparison with the minimum by 1.4 times, from zero - by 1.3 times, allows significant reducing cash and energy costs in the production of grain crops.