Soil treatment influence on the agrochernozem structural state of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the influence of the main processing methods on the structural state of the agrochernozem of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The studies were carried out in the field of fallow and grain crops of grain-fallow crop rotation (fallow - wheat - rapeseed - barley - oats) on three blocks of the main tillage: I - moldboard plowing to a depth of 20-22 cm; II - minimal (shallow) processing with a disker to a depth of 10-12 cm; III - direct sowing (zero tillage). The determination of the structural composition was carried out in layers of 0-10, 10-20 cm. The timing of sampling was timed to the phases of development of grain crops: June (shoots), July (earing), August (milky ripeness). The study found that the use of plowing and resource-saving technologies for basic processing forms a good and excellent structural state of agrochernozem. The content of agronomically valuable aggregates in the soil of fallow fields and agrocenoses of grain crops is estimated at the level of 68-74 %. The maximum content of agronomically valuable fractions in the 0-20 cm layer is typical for the fallow field and wheat agrocenosis on plowing and zero background (74 %). Cultivation of oats using resource-saving technologies creates good soil structure, not exceeding 68 %. Differentiation of the 0-20 cm layer of agrochernozem by structu- ral composition was determined by the method of processing. The difference between the layers of 0-10 and 10-20 cm of agrochernozem in terms of the content of agronomically valuable fractions 10-0.25 mm in size during plowing was 2-3 %; on minimal processing - 4-5; on zero processing - 5-8 %.