The effect of seed treatment with fungicidal mordants on spring soft wheat biomass formation

The aim of the study is to research the effect of pre-sowing complex treatment of seeds with fungicide seed treatment agents on the formation of spring wheat biomass. A one-year vegetation experiment was conducted in 2024 at the spring wheat breeding and seed production laboratory of the Volga Region Re-search Institute of Breeding and Seed Production named after P.N. Konstantinov, a branch of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Samara Region). For the experiment, the following varieties of spring soft wheat were taken: Kinelskaya Yubileinaya, forest-steppe ecotype, mid-season, zoned in the Middle Volga (7) and Ural (9) regions; fungicides Kinto Plus and Sistiva. The treated seeds were sown in 25 × 25 × 30 cm vessels, 20 pcs. There were three replications. The records were made in 3 phases of plant development: mid-tillering, booting, flag leaf. In the mid-tillering phase, the length of the above-ground part of wheat plants varied from 17.7 to 21.1 cm, the root mass in the variant with treatment exceeded the root mass without treatment (control) by an average of 0.29 g. The mass of the above-ground part in the variant with preparations was 12.91 g, control – 11.47 g. Dry mass of roots: control – 0.44 g, with treatment – 0.46 g. The biomass of plants in the variant with preparations gave an increase in relation to the control by 0.25 g. The length of the roots in the booting phase in the variant with seed treat-ment with Kinto Plus + Sistiva exceeded the control by 15.11%, the aboveground part – by 29.91 %. The weight of dried roots and the aboveground part increased in the variant with treatment compared to the control by 0.62 and 0.92 g, respectively. By the flag leaf phase, the length of the roots reached 36.67 cm in the variant without treatment, with treatment – 39.67 cm. The length of the aboveground part in the variant with treatment exceeded the control by 3.33 cm. The weight of the roots in the variant with seed treatment after drying was significantly higher than the control (an increase of 1.01 g). The weight of the above-ground part after drying in the control variant was lower (8.20–9.60 g) compared to the variant with seed treatment (9.03–10.35 g). Studies have shown that grain treatment with these seed treatments increases plant biomass.