Effect of rocker bottom shoes on plantar pressure distribution in patients with osteoarthritis of first metatarsophalangeal joint

Introduction Surgical streategy for patients with grades 3–4 osteoarthritis (OA) of the first metatarsophalangeal (MPT) joint is generally accepted. There is a variety of conservative treatments including NSAIDs, orthopedic insoles, physical therapy and pharmacological blockade to be offered for patients having contraindications or unwilling to undergo surgery. However, the role of orthopedic footwear can be underestimated. The aim of the study was to evaluate results of dynamic in-shoe pedobarography with standard shoes and rocker bottom shoes used by patients with grades 3–4 OA of first MPT joint. Material and methods Plantar pressure was evaluated in 12 patients wearing standard shoes and rocker bottom shoes. Major biomechanical parameters were analyzed to evaluate the force, walking speed and distribution of plantar pressure. Results The in-shoe dynamic pedobarography revealed a significant decrease in the values of peak (p = 0.011) and average (p = 0.019) pressure for the whole foot and the forefoot (p = 0.029) with use of rocker bottom shoes. A decreased length of the stance phase was noted (p = 0.027). No changes were found in walking speed (p = 0.604), duration of the swing phase (p = 0.495) and duration of the step cycle (p = 0.721). Conclusion A significant decrease in plantar pressure and the force in the forefoot was observed in patients with first MPT joint OA using rocker bottom shoes compared to those using shoes with a standard sole, with no differences in time indicators and walking speed.