Influence of colouring of seeds of Scots pine on the growth of offspring

Studies 1981-2001 in Perm Krai for 3-18 year old offspring 738 trees four wood-seed plots in a sandy, sandy and loamy soils in 11 tests, including repeated harvests and measurements have shown that in all populations stable advantage in the frequency of the best families have a mother with a variegated seeds. Variable turned out to be the offspring of mothers with seeds of light colouring, with the frequency of the best families ranged from 0 to 400% of the norm. The average time of laboratory germination with dark, variegated and Brown colouring is consistently declining, and light seeds has dramatically altered the place (ranks) of time seed germination in different years, and in different populations.