Drainage parameters influence on providing agricultural crops yield in the Omsk region northern zone

The purpose of research is to establish the heat and moisture supply, to determine the depth of the drainage and the distance between the drains to ensure the optimal water regime when growing forage crops on the reclaimed lands in the north of the Omsk Region. The natural heat and moisture supply in the northern zone of the Omsk Region was determined by the coefficient of natural moisture (Ku) for the calculated growing season (ten days). Evaporation (E0) was determined by the zoned method of hydrological and climatic calculations of Professor V.S. Mezentsev. Drainage parameters were calculated using the classical generally accepted methods of A.N. Kostyakov and S.F. Averyanov. The study of the drainage parameters of the reclaimed lands was carried out on the basis of the analysis of the results of a numerical experiment of the moisture balance in the calculated soil layer for ten-day intervals. A numerical experiment was carried out on the basis of retrospective use of natural and climatic data on objects for 1971-2017 using information technology.The results of the numerical experiment were analyzed for objects located in similar natural and climatic conditions - Tyukalinsk, Bolshiye Uki, Tara. The numerical experiment was based on formulas according to the methods of Yu.N. Nikolsky and V.V. Shabanov. The moisture coefficient for a given territory exceeds one, which indicates waterlogging of the soil and a leaching type of water regime and requires hydrotechnical reclamation. The distance between open collectors for the period of spring snow melting was 210-219 m, for the entire growing season of agricultural crops - 133-166 m. Based on calculations to ensure an optimal water regime on the waterlogged lands of the northern zone of the Omsk Region, the following drainage parameters are optimal: 1.5 m, distance between drains - 100 m (for Tara); drainage depth - 2.0 m, distance between drains - 130 m (for Tyukalinsk); the depth of the drainage is 1.4 m, the distance between the drains is 200 m (for Bolshiye Uki).