Influence of polymorphism Glu298Asp of gene of endothelial NO-synthase on the development of target organs damage in the establishment of arterial hypertension at an early age

The aim of the study was to analyse the distribution of genotypes and alleles polymorphism Glu298Asp of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), having damage of target organs, depending on age. We observed 672 AH patients, middle age - 50,6 y.o., men - 67%. Different laboratory tests were carried out, including microalbuminuria, electrocardiogram, echocardioscopy, carotid artery (CA) ultrasound. Control group consisted of 184 people. Genotyping on replacing Glu298Asp of gene eNOS was conducted using PCR method with the analysis of polymorphism of length of restriction fragments. Genotype distribution in AH patients of the control group was analysed depending on the presence of microalbuminuria, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), CA damage in the subgroups: the age of AH ascertainment before 35 years (128 people) and older. Ultrasound signs of CA damage were revealed in 65% of cases. LVH was diagnosed in 39% of cases. Microalbuminuria was diagnosed in 10,5% of AH patients. Differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles of polymorphism Glu298Asp of gene eNOS were ascertained in the subgroups depending on the age of AH establishment. Pathologic CA changes were associated with allel G of polymorphism Glu298Asp of gene eNOS (Estimation scale 2,3, р=0,016) in patients who established AH in the age earlier than 35 y.o., LVH (Estimation scale 1,9, р=0,037) and Microalbuminuria (Estimation scale 3,6, р=0,02) were associated with allel A.