The Surface Treatment Effect of High-Modulus Fabrics on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Elastomers in Various Environments

The paper presents an investigation of the influence of hydrocarbon environment and high temperature on the properties of reinforced elastomers, depending on the surface treatment with modification of high-modulus fibers based on an elastomeric matrix (SKD). This material is modified by adding an extra layer of elastomer between basalt (BF) and carbon fabrics (CF) to improve surface contact between the fabrics. The introduction of high-modulus fabrics into the matrix leads to an increase in the tensile strength of reinforced samples up to 5 times and a significant reduction in deformation properties compared to the original elastomer. Exposure of samples to AMG -10 hydraulic oil led to swelling of the elastomer and its delamination from the reinforcing fabrics. When exposed to high temperatures, additional vulcanization of the elastomer occurs, which also leads to thermal shrinkage and a decrease in the mobility of rubber macromolecules, thereby increasing the tensile strength. Adhesion strength tests showed a decrease after exposure to hydraulic oil and high temperatures. They lead to the destruction of interphase connections on the surfaces of rubber and fabrics, with the negative effect affecting the elastomeric matrix in particular. The best adhesion strength result was shown by the SKD sample reinforced with BF and CF with Hemocil surface treatment.