Influence of previous operative treatment on the features and results of total knee arthroplasty (review)

Background. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is highly effective treatment method of diseases and consequences of injury of the knee. According to a number of domestic and foreign authors previous trauma and operative treatment on the knee can influence technical features and functional results of arthroplasty, frequenty and nature of postoperative complications, endoprosthesis survival rate. Th purpose of study was to perform analysis of domestic and foreign literature data on TKA features and results after arthroscopic surgeries, ligament reconstructions and bones forming the knee joint fractures. Matherials and methods. Review includes 55 works of domestic and foreign authors published in electronic databases PubMed and eLIBRARY from 2008 to 2020 years. Results. Arthroscopy in patients with knee osteoarthrosis minimally influence following TKA yet local postoperative complications and revision rate in such patients can raise. Arthroplasty after reconstructive surgeries in way of ligament injuries characterized by signifi ant technical features (duration and operation trauma increasing, frequent need for implantation of associated endoprotheses), and its influence on postoperative complication rates and functional results are contradictory. Characteristic features of TKA in case of posttraumatic osteoarthrosis after tibial and femoral condyles fractures are multiplanar deformities of the condyles, extended bone defects, metal structures or previous severe surgical interventions in the knee joint, the need for careful preoperative planning for choosing a model of the endoprosthesis. Intra- and postoperative complications rate in such patients are signifi antly higher. The opinion about the influence of previously transferred fractures on the functional results of TKA and the long-term survival of endoprostheses remains controversial. Conclusion. Performed review of published data showed absence of one point of view about trauma and previous operations on the knee on following arthroplasty in terms surgical treatment features, rates and characteristic of following complications, functional results of operations and long-term endoprothesis survival rate.