Influence of different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat grain under conditions of the Orel region

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the influence of various doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of grain of winter wheat of various varieties in the conditions of the Orel region. The experiment was carried out. in the conditions of an individual entrepreneur, Head of the peasant farm Anokhin Ivan Vladimirovich, Novoderevenkovsky district, Orel region, on podzolized chernozem. As a result of research, it was established that mineral fertilizers had a great influence on such indicators as the number of grains in an ear and the weight of grains per ear. The best performance was observed in the Sineva variety on the N78P26K26 and N108 P26 K26 varieties, 27.1 and 27.3 pcs., respectively. and 1.09 and 1.12 g. The use of N44P26K26 provided an increase in grain yield of an average of 7.4 c/ha for the Sineva variety; 6.5 - for the Moskovskaya 40 variety. Additional application of N34 increased the yield by 14.5 c/ha and 13.9 c/ha, respectively, compared to the control option. The maximum grain yield of 54.5 c/ha was obtained in 2021 for the Sineva variety when N108 P26 K26 was applied. When N10 P26 K26 was applied, there was an increase in the crude protein content in winter wheat compared to the control by 1.1-1.2 times for all wheat varieties. With an increase in the norms of mineral fertilizers to N108P26 K26, the content of crude protein continued to increase and exceeded its content in the control by 1.25-1.30 times. The change in the nature of the grain was not clearly visible. On podzolized chernozem of the Novoda-Revenkovsky district of the Oryol region, it is advisable to use N108P26 K26 for winter wheat, which will allow obtaining 54.5 c/ha of grain with good quality.