Sowing methods and seeding rates effect on the buckwheat varieties yield in the South Minusinsk district forest-steppe zone

The purpose of research is to improve some methods of cultivation technology of buckwheat varieties, providing a higher yield for the forest-steppe zone of the South-Minusinsk District. Tasks: clarification of the comparative yield of buckwheat varieties with different sowing methods; determination of the optimal seeding rate for them in the row and through the row method. The experiments were carried out on the fields of the variety plot of the Kuraginskoye OPKh with 2 varieties (Zemlyachka, Zhdanka) in 2019-2021. We studied 2 sowing methods (row: row spacing 15 cm; inter-row - 30 cm) and 3 seeding rates: 2.5; 1.8 and 1.2 million viable seeds per 1 ha. The three-year data showed significant yield variability across all studied options. For the Zemlyachka variety, the yield ranged from 2.12 (2021) to 2.34 t/ha (2020), Zhdanka, respectively, from 18.9 (2019) to 26.8 t/ha (2020). The best of the sowing methods for both varieties was through-row. For the variety Zhdanka, a higher yield was revealed at a seeding rate of 1.8 million grains per hectare, Zemlyachka - 2.5 million per hectare. A different proportion of the influence of the studied factors on the phenotypic variability of the yield of buckwheat varieties was determined. The Zhdanka variety showed a large reaction to the growing conditions, Zemlyachka - to the "seeding rate" factor. An increase in the duration of the growing season is observed with the inter-row sowing method, especially at a seeding rate of 2.5 million seeds per 1 ha.