Influence of the precursor intensification means on the spring wheat pests population and taxonomic composition

The purpose of the study is to analyze the response of the modern spring wheat assortment to intensification means in terms of the prevalence and taxonomic composition of pests. Objectives: to study the effect of the use of nitrogen fertilizer, the predecessor and modern means of protection, both separately for backgrounds and in a complex way. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2021-2022 on the basis of the UNPK Borsky of the Sukhobuzimo District of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The objects of study are 13 varieties of soft spring wheat included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation and approved for cultivation in the Krasnoyarsk Region. The station is located in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The experiment was laid according to the method of competitive variety testing. Steam and grain were chosen as predecessors. The results of the agrochemical analysis of the soils of the station revealed a high K2O, an increased P2O5 and a low N-NO3. In this regard, ammonium nitrate (34.4 %) at a dose of 70 kg a.i. was introduced for presowing cultivation per 1 ha. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with “Lamador” and “Gaucho Evo”. In the tillering phase of the culture, the herbicides “Velocity Power” and “Bio Power”, the insecticide “Decis Expert” were used, in the phase of the appearance of the first leaf, the fungicide “Soligor” was used. The research backgrounds selected are as follows: steam and cereals; steam and grain fertilized; steam and cereals with a complex of pesticides and steam and cereals with all elements of intensification. Plant protection products had the maximum impact on the taxonomic composition of pests in the Sukhobuzimo District. In the variants with means of protection in the composition of pests, there was an increase in the proportion of the Swedish fly by almost 1.5 times (from 41 to 60 %), while a decrease in the proportion of wheat thrips by 1.4 times (from 51 to 36 %) and the proportion of stem flea in 2.1 times (from 8 to 4 %).