The influence of western culture on Chinese folk decorative and applied art

Introduction. This article addresses the integration of Western European cultural elements into Chinese arts and crafts. This synthesis of cultures determines the development of national art, often formed at the intersection of two civilizations. Using examples of Chinese ceramics, glassware, embroidery, and jade carving, the article illustrates the development of these art forms in the context of combining traditional and borrowed elements. The article identifies the characteristics of arts and crafts as a significant part of traditional Chinese culture. The influence of Western European decorative elements on Chinese arts and crafts is revealed. The degree to which elements of European art have been borrowed into Chinese arts and crafts is analyzed. A definition is provided and the characteristics of Chinese arts and crafts are discussed. Methods. The study utilized empirical, historical, cultural, systemic, and art historical research. Results. Western culture arrived in China during the Roman Empire, when the Silk Road connected Eastern and Western civilizations. As Western culture penetrated China, Christianity arrived in China. From the late 19th century to the mid-20th century, Western missionaries were ubiquitous in China. During this period, Chinese culture was significantly enriched by elements of Western civilization, which also permeated decorative and applied arts. However, elements of European culture can also be found in Chinese decorative and applied arts, including earlier examples such as ceramics, glassware, embroidery, and jade carving. Conclusions. Western culture is not only an important component of Chinese art. Together with Chinese culture, it shapes the face of modern Chinese civilization and has also influenced other forms of Chinese decorative and applied art. This suggests the need to expand this research. The results may be useful for scientific research on the creative work of Chinese artists working in the decorative and applied arts.