Foreign trade positions of the Russian grain market

Summarizing the publications of scientists, economists, official documents of various periods of economic development of Russia, allows us to conclude that the state of the grain market is one of the most important indicators of the implementation of national and international agri-food policy. The presented material outlines a conceptual approach to assessing foreign trade positions of the domestic grain market based on the data from the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation. The assessment of the formation of export and import potentials of grain resources in the context of various commodity items, countries - counterparties, and their grouping is given. The dynamics of the value composition and structure of imported and exported grain of the Russian Federation by types of grain crops is presented. The monitoring of dynamic changes in the volumes of exported and purchased cereals in physical terms was carried out. The need to strengthen foreign trade positions of the Russian grain market, increase the volume of foreign trade in grain in the context of the implementation of the federal project "Export of agricultural products" within the framework of the national project "International cooperation and export" up to US $ 11.4 billion by the end of 2024 due to the creation of a new commodity mass (including with high added value). In the context of potential opportunities, the Russian grain industry has certain advantages over other grain-producing countries: the presence of large grain-producing farms in the regions of commercial grain production, capable of running the grain industry through the introduction of innovations, attracting investments, deepening specialization, and more efficient use of bioclimatic potential and production resources; high land provision of the country and the possibility of expanding the sown area for grain crops; the presence of significant selection and genetic, energy, water and labor resources; growth of the population in Asian and African countries in need of imported grain; limiting the growth of productive land in the world.