Possibility of biological vineyard protection from mildew with the help of a biological preparation

The purpose of the study is to develop a low-hazard and effective system of protection against mildew, which involves the joint use of biological and chemical preparations. The study was carried out in the period from 2015 to 2019 on vineyards of the Cabernet Sauvignon variety, which is highly susceptible to mildew, in the city of Novocherkassk, Rostov Region, the experimental base of the All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking - Branch of fhe FSBSI FRARC. Studies are presented on the possibility of using a biological product Bacillus subtilis strain B-10 (titer not less than 109 CFU/g, consumption rate 5 l/ha) as a fungicide in protection against mildew to improve the environmental friendliness of protective measures due to a decrease in pesticide load. The use of a biological product as a fungicide exceeded the biological effectiveness of the control variant in all years of the study, regardless of the intensity of mildew development. With a moderate degree of disease development, the use of a biological product instead of chemical fungicides is possible in all phases of the growing season, which inhibits the development of the pathogen, helping to maintain plant productivity and reduce the pesticide load. In years with epiphytotic development of mildew, it is desirable to use fungicides with different active ingredients, for example metiram (700 g/kg), consumption rate 1.5-2.5 kg/ha; famoxadone (250 g/kg) + cymoxanil (250 g/kg), application rate 0.4 kg/ha; copper hydroxide (350 g/kg), consumption rate 2-3 kg/ha, in the phases: "before flowering", "after flowering", "berry-pea", - when mildew is especially harmful, in the remaining phases of vegetation - a biological product of Bacillus subtilis strain B-10, which will contribute to obtaining a quantitative and qualitative yield, as well as reduce the toxicological effect of the use of chemical fungicides in the first half of the growing season.